Heteroaryl substituted pyridyl compounds useful as kinase modulators

ABSTRACT

Compounds having the following formula: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     or a stereoisomer or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, wherein R 2  is a monocyclic heteroaryl group, and R 1 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5  and R 6  are as defined herein, are useful as kinase modulators, including IRAK-4 inhibition.

This application is a continuation application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 15/480,682, filed Apr. 6, 2017, which is adivisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/441,705,filed May 8, 2015, which claims priority to national phase applicationunder 35 U.S.C. § 371 of International Patent Application No.PCT/US2013/068875, filed Nov. 7, 2013, which claims priority toprovisional application U.S. 61/723,848, filed Nov. 8, 2012, thecontents of which are herein incorporated by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to compounds useful as kinase inhibitors,including the modulation of IRAK-4. Provided herein are monocyclicheteroaryl-substituted pyridyl compounds, compositions comprising suchcompounds, and methods of their use. The invention further pertains topharmaceutical compositions containing at least one compound accordingto the invention that are useful for the treatment of conditions relatedto kinase modulation and methods of inhibiting the activity of kinases,including IRAK-4 in a mammal.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Toll/IL-1 receptor family members are important regulators ofinflammation and host resistance. The Toll like receptor (TLR) familyrecognizes molecular patterns derived from infectious organismsincluding bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses (reviewed in Kawai, T.et al., Nature Immunol., 11:373-384 (2010)). Ligand binding to thereceptor induces dimerization and recruitment of adaptor molecules to aconserved cytoplasmic motif in the receptor termed the Toll/IL-1receptor (TIR) domain. With the exception of TLR3, all TLRs recruit theadaptor molecule MyD88. The IL-1 receptor family also contains acytoplasmic TIR motif and recruits MyD88 upon ligand binding (reviewedin Sims, J. E. et al., Nature Rev. Immunol., 10:89-102 (2010)).

Members of the IRAK family of serine/threonine kinases are recruited tothe receptor via interactions with MyD88. The family consists of fourmembers. Several lines of evidence indicate that IRAK4 plays a criticaland non-redundant role in initiating signaling via MyD88 dependent TLRsand IL-R family members. Structural data confirms that IRAK4 directlyinteracts with MyD88 and subsequently recruits either IRAK1 or IRAK2 tothe receptor complex to facilitate downstream signaling (Lin, S. et al.,Nature, 465:885-890 (2010)). IRAK4 directly phosphorylates IRAK1 tofacilitate downstream signaling to the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRAF6,resulting in activation of the serine/threonine kinase TAK1 withsubsequent activation of the NFκB pathway and MAPK cascade (Flannery, S.et al., Biochem. Pharmacol., 80:1981-1991 (2010)). A subset of humanpatients was identified who lack IRAK4 expression (Picard, C. et al.,Science, 299:2076-2079 (2003)). Cells from these patients fail torespond to all TLR agonists with the exception of TLR3 as well as tomembers of the IL-1 family including IL-1β and IL-18 (Ku, C. et al., J.Exp. Med., 204:2407-2422 (2007)). Deletion of IRAK4 in mice results in asevere block in IL-1, IL-18 and all TLR dependent responses with theexception of TLR3 (Suzuki, N. et al., Nature, 416:750-754 (2002)). Incontrast, deletion of either IRAK1 (Thomas, J. A. et al., J. Immunol.,163:978-984 (1999); Swantek, J. L. et al., J. Immunol., 164:4301-4306(2000) or IRAK2 (Wan, Y. et al., J. Biol. Chem., 284:10367-10375 (2009))results in partial loss of signaling. Furthermore, IRAK4 is the onlymember of the IRAK family whose kinase activity has been shown to berequired for initiation of signaling. Replacement of wild type IRAK4 inthe mouse genome with a kinase inactive mutant (KDKI) impairs signalingvia all MyD88 dependent receptors including IL-1, IL-18 and all TLRswith the exception of TLR3 (Koziczak-Holbro, M. et al., J. Biol. Chem.,282:13552-13560 (2007); Kawagoe, T. et al., J. Exp. Med., 204:1013-1024(2007); and Fraczek, J. et al., J. Biol. Chem., 283:31697-31705 (2008)).

As compared to wild type animals, IRAK4 KDKI mice show greatly reduceddisease severity in mouse models of multiple sclerosis (Staschke, K. A.et al., J. Immunol., 183:568-577 (2009)), rheumatoid arthritis(Koziczak-Holbro, M. et al., Arthritis Rheum., 60:1661-1671 (2009)),atherosclerosis (Kim, T. W. et al., J. Immunol., 186:2871-2880 (2011)and Rekhter, M. et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 367:642-648(2008)), and myocardial infarction (Maekawa, Y. et al., Circulation,120:1401-1414 (2009)). As described, IRAK4 inhibitors will block allMyD88 dependent signaling. MyD88 dependent TLRs have been shown tocontribute to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, rheumatoidarthritis, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, sepsis, systemiclupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel diseases including Crohn'sdisease and ulcerative colitis, autoimmune uveitis, psoriasis, asthma,allergy, type I diabetes, and allograft rejection (Keogh, B. et al.,Trends Pharmacol. Sci., 32:435-442 (2011); Mann, D. L., Circ. Res.,108:1133-1145 (2011); Jiang, W. et al., J. Invest. Dermatol. (2013) doi:10.1038/jid.2013.57; Horton, C. G. et al., Mediators Inflamm., ArticleID 498980 (2010), doi:10.1155/2010/498980; Goldstein, D. R. et al., J.Heart Lung Transplant., 24:1721-1729 (2005); and Cario, E., Inflamm.Bowel Dis., 16:1583-1597 (2010)). Oncogenically active MyD88 mutationsin diffuse large B cell lymphomas have been identified that aresensitive to IRAK4 inhibition (Ngo, V. N. et al., Nature, 470:115-121(2011)). Whole genome sequencing also identified mutations in MyD88associated with chronic lymphatic leukemia and WaldenstrOm'sMacroglobulinemia suggesting that IRAK4 inhibitors may also have utilityin treating leukemias (Puente, X. S. et al., Nature, 475:101-105 (2011);Treon, S. P. et. al., New Engl. J. Med., 367:826-833 (2012)).

In addition to blocking TLR signaling, IRAK4 inhibitors will also blocksignaling by members of the IL-1 family. Neutralization of IL-1 has beenshown to be efficacious in multiple diseases including gout; goutyarthritis; type 2 diabetes; auto-inflammatory diseases includingCryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes (CAPS), TNF Receptor AssociatedPeriodic Syndrome (TRAPS), Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), adultonset stills; systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis; stroke;GVHD; smoldering multiple myeloma; recurrent pericarditis;osteoarthritis; emphysema (Dinarello, C. A., Eur. J. Immunol.,41:1203-1217 (2011) and Couillin, I. et al., J. Immunol., 183:8195-8202(2009)). In a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease, blockade of IL-1receptor improved cognitive defects, attenuated tau pathology andreduced oligomeric forms of amyloid-β (Kitazawa, M. et al., J. Immunol.,187:6539-6549 (2011)). IL-1 has also been shown to be a critical link toadaptive immunity, driving differentiation of the TH17 effector T cellsubset (Chung, Y. et al., Immunity, 30:576-587 (2009)). Therefore, IRAK4inhibitors are predicted to have efficacy in TH17 associated diseasesincluding multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel diseases,autoimmune uveitis, and rheumatoid arthritis (Wilke, C. M. et al.,Trends Immunol., 32:603-661 (2011)).

In view of the conditions that may benefit by treatment involvingmodulation of protein kinases, it is immediately apparent that newcompounds capable of modulating protein kinases such as IRAK-4 andmethods of using these compounds could provide substantial therapeuticbenefits to a wide variety of patients.

The present invention relates to a new class of heterocyclic-substitutedpyridyl compounds found to be effective inhibitors of protein kinasesincluding IRAK-4.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Modulators of kinase activity which may generally be described asheterocyclic-substituted pyridyl compounds found are provided herein.

The invention is directed to compounds of Formula I that which areuseful as inhibitors of IRAK-4, and are useful for the treatment ofproliferative diseases, allergic diseases, autoimmune diseases andinflammatory diseases, or stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceuticallyacceptable slats, solvates or prodrugs thereof.

The present invention also provides processes and intermediates formaking the compounds of the present invention or stereoisomers,tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or prodrugsthereof.

The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositionscomprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and at least one of thecompounds of the present invention or stereoisomers, tautomers,pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof.

The present invention also provides a method for inhibition of IRAK-4comprising administering to a host in need of such treatment atherapeutically effective amount of at least one of the compounds of thepresent invention or stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceuticallyacceptable salts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof.

The present invention also provides a method for treating proliferative,metabolic, allergic, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, comprisingadministering to a host in need of such treatment a therapeuticallyeffective amount of at least one of the compounds of the presentinvention or stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptablesalts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof.

A preferred embodiment is a method for treating inflammatory andautoimmune diseases wherein the treatment of inflammatory diseases iseven more preferred. Particular, inflammatory and autoimmune diseasesinclude, but are not limited to, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis,asthma, graft versus host disease, allograft rejection, chronicobstructive pulmonary disease; Graves' disease, rheumatoid arthritis,systemic lupus erythematosis, psoriasis; CAPS, TRAPS, FMF, adult onsetstills, systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis, multiplesclerosis, neuropathic pain, gout, and gouty arthritis.

An alternate preferred embodiment is a method for treating metabolicdiseases, including type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis.

The present invention also provides the compounds of the presentinvention or stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptablesalts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof, for use in therapy.

The present invention also provides the use of the compounds of thepresent invention or stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceuticallyacceptable salts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof, for the manufacture ofa medicament for the treatment of cancers.

These and other features of the invention will be set forth in theexpanded form as the disclosure continues.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

Provided herein is at least one chemical entity chosen from compounds ofFormula (I):

or a stereoisomer or pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

-   R¹ is C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted with 0-7 R^(1a), C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆    alkenyl substituted with 0-7 R^(1a), C₂₋₆ alkynyl substituted with    0-7 R^(1a), —(CH₂)_(r)—C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl substituted with 0-7 R^(1a),    —(CH₂)_(r)C₆₋₁₀ aryl substituted with 0-7 R^(1a), or —(CH₂)_(r)-5-10    membered heterocycle containing 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O,    and S, substituted with 0-7 R^(1a);-   R^(1a) at each occurrence is independently hydrogen, ═O, F, Cl, Br,    OCF₃, CF₃, CHF₂, CN, NO₂, —(CH₂)_(r)OR^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)SR^(b),    —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)R^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)(O)OR^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)OC(O)R^(b),    —(CH₂)_(r)NR¹¹R¹¹, —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹, —(CH₂)_(r)NR^(b)C(O)R^(c),    —(CH₂)_(r)NR^(b)C(O)OR^(c), —NR^(b)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹, —S(O)_(p)NR¹¹R¹¹,    —NR^(b)S(O)_(p)R^(c), —S(O)R^(c), —S(O)₂R^(c), C₁₋₆ alkyl    substituted with 0-2 R^(a), C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, —(CH₂)_(r)-3-14 membered    carbocycle substituted with 0-3 R^(a), or —(CH₂)_(r)-5-7 membered    heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected    from N, O, and S(O)_(p) substituted with 0-3 R^(a);-   R² is 5-6 membered heteroaryl containing 1-3 heteroatoms selected    from N, O, and S, substituted with 0-4 R²;-   R^(2a) at each occurrence is independently hydrogen, ═O, halo, OCF₃,    CN, NO₂, —(CH₂)OR^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)SR^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)R^(b),    —(CH₂)C(O)OR^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)OC(O)R^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)NR¹¹R¹¹,    —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹, —(CH₂)_(r)NR^(b)C(O)R^(c),    —(CH₂)_(r)NR^(b)C(O)OR^(c), —NR^(b)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹, —S(O)_(p)NR¹¹R¹¹,    —NR^(b)S(O)_(p)R^(c), —S(O)R^(c), —S(O)₂R^(c), C₁₋₆ alkyl    substituted with 0-2 R^(a), C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, —(CH₂)_(r)-3-14 membered    carbocycle substituted with 0-1 R^(a), or —(CH₂)_(r)-5-7 membered    heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected    from N, O, and S(O)_(p), substituted with 0-2 R^(a);-   R³ is C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted with 0-3 R^(3a), C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₂₋₆    alkenyl substituted with 0-3 R³, C₂₋₆ alkynyl substituted with 0-3    R^(3a), C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl substituted with 0-3 R³, C₆₋₁₀ aryl    substituted with 0-3 R^(3a), or 5-10 membered heterocycle containing    1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S, substituted with 0-3    R^(3a);-   R^(3a) at each occurrence is independently hydrogen, ═O, F, Cl, Br,    OCF₃, CF₃, CHF₂, CN, NO₂, —(CH₂)OR^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)SR^(b),    —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)R^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)OR^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)OC(O)R^(b),    —(CH₂)_(r)NR¹¹R¹¹, —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹, —(CH₂)_(r)NR^(b)C(O)R^(c),    —(CH₂)_(r)NR^(b)C(O)OR^(c), —NR^(b)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹, —S(O)_(p)NR¹¹R¹¹,    —NR^(b)S(O)_(p)R^(c), —S(O)R^(c), —S(O)₂R^(c), C₁₋₆ alkyl    substituted with 0-3 R^(a), C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, —(CH₂)_(r)-3-14 membered    carbocycle substituted with 0-3 R^(a), or —(CH₂)_(r)-5-10 membered    heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected    from N, O, and S(O)_(p), substituted with 0-3 R^(a);-   R⁴ and R⁵ are independently hydrogen or C₁₋₄ alkyl substituted with    0-1 R^(f);-   R¹¹ at each occurrence is independently    -   (i) hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted with 0-1 R^(f), CF₃, C₃₋₁₀        cycloalkyl substituted with 0-1 R^(f), —(CH)_(r)-phenyl        substituted with 0-3 R^(d), or —(CH₂)_(r)-5-7 membered        heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected        from N, O, and S(O)_(p), substituted with 0-3 R^(d); or    -   (ii) one R¹¹ together with a second R¹¹ and the nitrogen atom to        which they are both attached may be combined to form an        azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, or 4-(C₁₋₆        alkyl)piperazinyl ring;-   R^(a) at each occurrence is independently hydrogen, F, Cl, Br, OCF₃,    CF₃, CHF₂, CN, NO₂, —(CH₂)OR^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)SR^(b),    —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)R^(b), —(CH₂)C(O)OR^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)OC(O)R^(b),    —(CH₂)_(r)NR¹¹R¹¹, —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹, —(CH₂)_(r)NR^(b)C(O)R^(c),    —(CH₂)_(r)NR^(b)C(O)OR^(c), —NR^(b)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹, —S(O)_(p)NR¹¹R¹¹,    —NR^(b)S(O)_(p)R^(c), —S(O)R^(c), —S(O)₂R^(c), C₁₋₆ alkyl    substituted with 0-3 R^(f), C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, —(CH₂)_(r)-3-14 membered    carbocycle, or —(CH₂)_(r)-5-7 membered heterocycle comprising carbon    atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S(O)_(p),    substituted with 0-3 R^(f), alternatively two R^(a) on adjacent or    the same carbon atom form a cyclic acetal of the formula    —O—(CH₂)_(n)—O— or —O—CF₂—O—, wherein n is 1 or 2;-   R^(b) is hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted with 0-2 R^(d), C₁₋₆    haloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl substituted with 0-2 R^(d), or    (CH₂)_(r)-phenyl substituted with 0-3 R^(d);-   R^(c) is C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted with 0-3 R^(f), —(CH₂)_(r)—C₃₋₆    cycloalkyl substituted with 0-3 R^(f), or —(CH₂)_(r)-phenyl    substituted with 0-3 R^(f);-   R^(d) at each occurrence is independently hydrogen, F, Cl, Br, OCF₃,    CF₃, CN, NO₂, —OR^(e), —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)R^(c), —NR^(e)R^(e),    —NR^(e)C(O)OR^(c), C₁₋₆ alkyl, or —(CH₂)_(r)-phenyl substituted with    0-3 R^(f);-   R^(e) is hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, or —(CH₂)_(r)-phenyl    substituted with 0-3 R^(f);-   R^(f) at each occurrence is independently hydrogen, halo, NH₂, OH,    C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, CF₃ or O(C₁₋₆ alkyl);-   p is 0, 1, or 2; and-   r is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

In another embodiment are provided compounds of formula I, or astereoisomer or pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, wherein R² ispyridyl, thiazolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl,oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, isothiazolyl, furanyl, thienyl,oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl or triazinyl, each group substitutedby 0-4 groups selected from R^(2a).

In another embodiment, there is provided a compound of formula I, or astereoisomer or pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, wherein bothR⁴ and R⁵ are hydrogen.

In another embodiment, there is provided a compound of formula I havingthe structure of formula II:

or a stereoisomer or pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

-   R¹ is C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(CH₂)₁C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, —(CH₂)_(r)-5-7 membered    heterocycle containing 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, or    —(CH₂)_(r)-phenyl, each group substituted with 0-4 R^(1a);-   R^(1a) at each occurrence is independently hydrogen, ═O, F, Cl, Br,    OCF₃, CF₃, CHF₂, CN, NO₂, —(CH₂)_(r)OR^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)SR^(b),    —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)R^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)OR^(b), —(CH₂) OC(O)R^(b),    —(CH₂)_(r)NR¹¹R¹¹, —(CH₂)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹, —(CH₂)_(r)NR^(b)C(O)R^(c),    —(CH₂)_(r)NR^(b)C(O)OR^(c), —NR^(b)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹, —S(O)_(p)NR¹¹R¹¹,    —NR^(b)S(O)_(p)R^(c), —S(O)R^(c), —S(O)₂R^(c), C₁₋₆ alkyl    substituted with 0-2 R^(a), C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, —(CH₂)_(r)-3-14 membered    carbocycle substituted with 0-3 R^(a) (hydrogen or —C(O)NHCH₂), or    —(CH₂)_(r)-5-7 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4    heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S(O)_(p) substituted with 0-3    R^(a);-   R² is pyridyl, thiazolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl,    imidazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, isothiazolyl,    furanyl, thienyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl or triazinyl,    each group substituted by 0-4 groups selected from R^(2a);-   R² at each occurrence is independently hydrogen, ═O, F, Cl, Br,    OCF₃, CN, NO₂, —(CH₂)_(r)OR^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)SR^(b),    —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)R^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)OR^(b), —(CH₂) OC(O)R^(b),    —(CH₂)_(r)NR¹¹R¹¹, —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹, —(CH₂)_(r)NR^(b)C(O)R^(c),    —(CH₂)_(r)NR^(b)C(O)OR^(c), —NR^(b)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹, —S(O)_(p)NR¹¹R¹¹,    —NR^(b)S(O)_(p)R^(c), —S(O)R^(c), —S(O)₂R^(c), C₁₋₆ alkyl    substituted with 0-2 R^(a), C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, —(CH₂)_(r)-3-14 membered    carbocycle substituted with 0-1 R^(a), or —(CH₂)_(r)-5-7 membered    heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected    from N, O, and S(O)_(p) substituted with 0-1 R^(a);-   R³ is C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, phenyl, or a 5-10 membered    heterocycle containing 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S    substituted with 0-3 R^(3a);-   R^(3a) at each occurrence is independently hydrogen, ═O, F, Cl, Br,    OCF₃, CF₃, CHF₂, CN, NO₂, —(CH₂)O)R^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)SR^(b),    —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)R^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)OR^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)OC(O)R^(b),    —(CH₂)_(r)NR¹¹R¹¹, —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹, —(CH₂)_(r)NR^(b)C(O)R^(c),    —(CH₂)_(r)NR^(b)C(O)OR^(c), —NR^(b)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹, —S(O)_(p)NR¹¹R¹¹,    —NR^(b)S(O)_(p)R, —S(O)R^(c), —S(O)₂R^(c), C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted    with 0-3 R^(a), C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, —(CH₂)_(r)-3-14 membered carbocycle    substituted with 0-3 R^(a), or —(CH₂)_(r)-5-10 membered heterocycle    comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and    S(O)_(p) substituted with 0-3 R^(a);-   R¹¹ at each occurrence is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl    substituted with 0-1 R^(f), CF₃, a C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl substituted with    0-1 R^(f), —CH₂-phenyl substituted with 0-3 R^(d), or —(CH₂)-5-7    membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms    selected from N, O, and S(O)_(p), substituted with 0-3 R^(d);-   R^(a) at each occurrence is independently:    -   (i) hydrogen, F, Cl, Br, OCF₃, CF₃, CHF₂, CN, NO₂, —(CH₂)OR^(b),        —(CH₂)_(r)SR^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)R^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)OR^(b),        —(CH₂)_(r)OC(O)R^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)NR¹¹R¹¹, —(CH₂)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹,        —(CH₂)_(r)NR^(b)C(O)R^(c), —(CH₂)_(r)NR^(b) C(O)OR,        —NR^(b)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹, —S(O)_(p)NR¹¹R¹¹, —NR^(b)S(O)_(p)R^(c),        —S(O)R^(c), —S(O)₂R^(c),        -   C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, —(CH₂)_(r)-3-14 membered            carbocycle, or —(CH₂)_(r)-5-7 membered heterocycle            comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N,            O, and S(O)_(p); or    -   (ii) two R^(a), two R^(a) on adjacent or the same carbon atom        form a cyclic acetal of the formula —O—(CH₂)_(n)—O— or        —O—CF₂—O—, wherein n is 1 or 2;-   R^(b) is hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted with 0-2 R^(d), C₁₋₆    haloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl substituted with 0-2 R^(d), or    —(CH₂)_(r)-phenyl substituted with 0-3 R^(d);-   R^(c) is C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or —(CH₂)_(r)-phenyl    substituted with 0-3 R^(f);-   R^(d) at each occurrence is independently hydrogen, F, Cl, Br, OCF₃,    CF₃, CN, NO₂, —OR^(e), —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)R^(e), —NR^(e)R^(e),    —NR^(e)C(O)OR^(c), C₁₋₆ alkyl, or —(CH₂)_(r)-phenyl substituted with    0-3 R^(f);-   R^(e) is hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, or —(CH₂)_(r)-phenyl    substituted with 0-3 R^(f);-   R^(f) is hydrogen, halo, NH₂, OH, or O(C₁₋₆ alkyl);-   r is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; and-   p is 0, 1, or 2.

In another embodiment, there is provided a compound, or a stereoisomeror pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, wherein R² is thiazolyl,pyridyl, or pyrimidinyl, each group substituted by 0-4 R^(2a).

In a preferred embodiment, there is provided a compound, or astereoisomer or pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, where R^(a) isindependently ═O, F, Cl, CN, —(CH₂)OR^(b), —(CH₂)C(O)R^(b),—(CH₂)_(r)C(O)OR^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)NR¹¹R¹¹, C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted with 0-2R^(a), or pyridyl.

In an especially preferred embodiment, there is provided a compound, ora stereoisomer or pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, whereinR^(b) is ethyl or methyl, R¹¹ is hydrogen, and r is 0.

In a more preferred embodiment compounds of Formula (I), or astereoisomer or pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, are providedwherein R² is

In yet another more preferred embodiment there are provided compounds ofFormula (I), or a stereoisomer or pharmaceutically-acceptable saltthereof, wherein:

-   R¹ is C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(CH₂)₁C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, —(CH₂)_(r)-6-membered    heterocycle containing 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, S and O, or    —(CH₂)_(r)-phenyl, each group substituted by 0-4 R^(1a); and-   R^(1a) at each occurrence is independently:    -   (i) F, CF₃, CN, —(CH₂)OR^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹,        —(CH₂)_(r)NR^(b)C(O)R^(c), or —NR^(b)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹; or    -   (ii) C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl (especially cyclopropyl or        cyclobutyl), phenyl, or a 5-7 membered heterocycle comprising        carbon atoms and 1-3 heteroatoms selected from N and O        (especially pyrrolidinyl, or morpholinyl), each group        substituted with 0-4 R^(a);-   R^(a) is independently hydrogen, —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹, C₁₋₄ alkyl,    or a 5-7 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-3    heteroatoms selected from N and O (especially triazolyl);-   R^(b) is hydrogen or methyl;-   R^(c) independently, at each occurrence is:    -   (i) C₁₋₄ alkyl; or    -   (ii) C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl (especially cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl) or        phenyl;-   R¹¹ at each occurrence is independently hydrogen or C₁₋₄ alkyl; and-   r is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

In another embodiment, there is provided a compound of Formula (I), or astereoisomer or pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, wherein R¹ isC₁₋₆ alkyl or cyclohexyl, each substituted by 0-4 R.

In a further embodiment, there is provided a compound of formula I, or astereoisomer or pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, wherein R¹ is

In another embodiment there are provided compounds of Formula (I), or astereoisomer or pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, in which

-   R³ is C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, phenyl, or a 5-7-membered    heterocycle containing 1-3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S,    (especially tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, or oxetanyl), each    group optionally substituted with 0-3 R^(3a);-   R^(3a) is, independently at each occurrence:    -   (i) hydrogen, F, Cl, CF₃,        -   CHF₂, —(CH₂)_(r)OR^(b), —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)OR^(b),            —(CH₂)_(r)NR¹¹R¹¹, or —(CH₂)_(r)C(O)NR¹¹R¹¹; or    -   (ii) C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(CH₂)_(r)-phenyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, or        —(CH₂)_(r)-5-7 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and        1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S(O)_(p), each group        substituted with 0-3 R^(a);-   R^(a) is hydrogen, F, Cl, or —(CH₂)OR^(b);-   R^(b) is hydrogen, CHF₂, or C₁₋₄ alkyl;-   R¹¹ is independently hydrogen, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, —CF₃, or C₁₋₄ alkyl    optionally substituted with OH; and-   r is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

In another preferred embodiment there are provided compounds of Formula(I), or a stereoisomer or pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, inwhich R³ is methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, cyclopropyl,cyclopentyl, or tetrahydropyranyl, each group substituted by 0-2 groupsindependently selected from F and —CF₃.

In another embodiment, there is provided a compound of Formula (I),wherein R³ is selected from the following groups: —CH₂CH₃, —CH(CH₃)₂,—CH₂CF₃,

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof is provided wherein R¹ is C₁₋₆alkyl, cyclohexyl, or piperidinyl, each substituted by 0-4 R^(1a).

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof is provided wherein:

-   R¹ is —CH₃, —CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OH,

-   R² is

and

-   R³ is —CH₂CH₃, —CH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CF₃, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl,    —CH(phenyl)CH(OH)CH₂(OH),

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein: R¹ is—CH₃ or —CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OH.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R¹ is—CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OH.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R¹ is—CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OH.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R¹ is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R¹ is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R¹ is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R¹ is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R² is a5-6 membered heteroaryl containing 1-3 heteroatoms selected from N, O,and S, substituted with 0-4 R^(2a).

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R² is 5-6membered heteroaryl containing 1 nitrogen heteroatom and 0-1 additionalheteroatom selected from N, O, and S, substituted with 0-4 R^(2a).

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R² isthiazolyl, pyridyl, or pyrimidinyl, each group substituted with 0-4 R².

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R² is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R² is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R² is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R² is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R² is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R² is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R² is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R² is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R³ is CI.alkyl substituted with 0-3 R^(3a), C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkylsubstituted with 0-3 R^(3a), or tetrahydropyranyl substituted with 0-3R^(3a).

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R³ is—CH₂CH₃, —CH(CH₃)₂, or —CH₂CF₃.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R³ is—CH₂CH₃ or —CH(CH₃)₂.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R³ is—CH(CH₃)₂.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R³ iscyclopropyl, cyclobutyl,

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R³ iscyclopropyl or cyclobutyl.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R³ is—CH(phenyl)CH(OH)CH₂(OH).

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein: R¹ isC₁₋₆ alkyl substituted by 0-4 R^(1a); R² is pyrimidinyl, each groupsubstituted by 0-1 groups selected from R^(2a); R³ is C₁₋₄ alkylsubstituted with 0-3 R^(3a); each R^(1a) is independently F, Cl, OH,OCF₃, CF₃, CHF₂, or CN; R^(2a) is CN or —NR¹¹R¹¹; and each R^(3a) isindependently F, Cl, Br, OCF₃, CF₃, CHF₂, or CN.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein: R¹ isC₄₋₆ alkyl substituted by 0-2 R^(1a); each R^(1a) is independently F orOH; R² is pyrimidinyl substituted by CN; and R³ is C₂₋₃ alkyl.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein: R¹ isC₁₋₆ alkyl substituted by 0-4 R^(1a); R² is pyrimidinyl, each groupsubstituted by 0-1 groups selected from R^(2a); and R³ is C₁₋₆ alkylsubstituted with 0-3 R^(3a).

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein:

-   R¹ is —CH₃ or —CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OH; R² is

and

-   R³ is —CH₂CH₃, —CH(CH₃)₂, or —CH₂CF₃.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein:

-   R¹ is —CH₃ or —CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OH;-   R² is

and

-   R³ is —CH₂CH₃ or —CH(CH₃)₂.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein:

-   R¹ is —CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OH;-   R² is

and

-   R³ is —CH₂CH₃, —CH(CH₃)₂, or —CH₂CF₃.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein:

-   R¹ is —CH₃ or —CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OH;-   R² is

and

-   R³ is —CH(CH₃)₂.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein:

-   R¹ is —CH₃ or —CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OH;

R² is

and

-   R³ is —CH(CH₃)₂.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein:

-   R¹ is —CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OH;-   R² is

and

-   R³ is —CH(CH₃)₂.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or apharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof is provided having thefollowing formula:

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) is provided having thefollowing formula:

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) having the followingformula is provided as an HCl salt:

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein:

-   R¹ is:    -   (a) C₂₋₃ hydroxyalkyl substituted with zero to 4 R¹a wherein        R^(1a) is independently selected from F, Cl, —OH, —CHF₂, —CN,        —CF₃, —OCH₃, and cyclopropyl;    -   (b) C₁₋₃ alkyl substituted with —O(C₁₋₃ alkyl) and zero to 4        R^(1a) wherein R^(1a) is independently selected from F, Cl, —OH,        —CHF₂, —CN, —CF₃, and cyclopropyl;    -   (c) C₄₋₈ alkyl substituted with zero to 7 R^(1a) wherein R^(1a)        is independently selected from F, Cl, —OH, —CHF₂, —CF₃, —CN        —OCH₃, cyclopropyl, and —OP(O)(OH)₂;    -   (d) —(CH₂)₂₋₄NHC(O)(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)(C₁₋₆        alkyl), —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)(CH₂)₀₋₁NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), or        —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)(CH₂)₀₋₁N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂;    -   (e) cyclohexyl substituted with zero to 2 substituents        independently selected from —OH, —OCH₃, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆        hydroxyalkyl, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NH(C₃₋₆ alkyl), —C(O)NH(C₁₋₆        hydroxyalkyl), —C(O)NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —C(O)NH(C₃₋₆ fluoro        cycloalkyl), —NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —NHC(O)O(C₁₋₃ alkyl),        —NHS(O)₂CH₃, —S(O)₂NH₂, —S(O)₂(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —S(C₁₋₃ alkyl),        thiazolyl, methyl pyrazolyl, and C₁₋₃ alkyl substituted with —OH        and cyclopropyl;    -   (f) —(CH₂)₂(phenyl) wherein said phenyl is substituted with        —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl), or —S(O)₂NH₂; or    -   (g) piperidinyl substituted with —C(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl);-   R² is phenyl, pyridinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazolyl,    thiazolyl, or triazolyl, each substituted with zero to 2    substituents independently selected from F, Cl, —OH, —CN, C₁₋₃    alkyl, —CH₂C(O)OCH₃, —O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —NH₂, —NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl),    —NH(cyclopropyl), —C(O)NH₂, —NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl),    —NH(tetrahydropyranyl), hydroxypyrrolidinyl, ═O, —O(piperidinyl),    and pyridinyl; and-   R³ is:    -   (a) C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted with zero to 4 substituents        independently selected from F, —OH, —CH₃, —CF₃, and C₃₋₆        cycloalkyl;    -   (b) C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl substituted with zero to 2 substituents        independently selected from F, —OH, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, —CH₃,        —CF₂H, —NH₂, and —C(O)OCH₂CH₃;    -   (c) oxetanyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or fluoro tetrahydropyranyl;    -   (d) phenyl substituted with zero to 2 substituents independently        selected from —OH, —CN, —O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl,        —C(O)NH₂, —S(O)₂NH₂, —NHS(O)₂(C₁₋₃ alkyl), pyrazolyl,        imidazolyl, and methyl tetrazolyl; or    -   (e)

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein:

-   R¹ is:    -   (a) C₁₋₃ alkyl substituted with —O(C₁₋₃ alkyl) and zero to 4        R^(1a) wherein R^(1a) is independently selected from F, —OH, and        —CF₃;    -   (b) C₄₋₈ alkyl substituted with zero to 5 R^(1a) wherein R^(1a)        is independently selected from F, Cl, —OH, —CHF₂, —CF₃, —CN        —OCH₃, cyclopropyl, and —OP(O)(OH)₂;    -   (c) —(CH₂)₂₋₄NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)(C₁₋₃        alkyl), —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl), or        —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)N(C₁₋₃ alkyl)₂;    -   (d) cyclohexyl substituted with zero to 2 substituents        independently selected from —OH, —OCH₃, C₁₋₃ alkyl, —OCH₃, C₁₋₃        hydroxyalkyl, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —C(O)NH(C₃₋₅        cycloalkyl), —C(O)NH(fluoro cyclopropyl), —NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl),        —NHC(O)O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —S(O)₂NH₂, —S(O)₂(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —S(C₁₋₂        alkyl), thiazolyl, methyl pyrazolyl, and C₁₋₃ alkyl substituted        with —OH and cyclopropyl;    -   (e) —(CH₂)₂(phenyl) wherein said phenyl is substituted with        —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NH(CH₃), or —S(O)₂NH₂; or    -   (f) piperidinyl substituted with —C(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl);-   R² is phenyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, or    triazolyl, each substituted with zero to 2 substituents    independently selected from F, Cl, —OH, —CN, C₁₋₃ alkyl,    —CH₂C(O)OCH₃, —O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —NH₂, —NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl),    —NH(cyclopropyl), —C(O)NH₂, —NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl),    —NH(tetrahydropyranyl), hydroxypyrrolidinyl, —O(piperidinyl), and    pyridinyl; or pyridazinyl substituted with ═O; and-   R³ is:    -   (a) C₁₋₅ alkyl substituted with zero to 3 substituents        independently selected from F, —OH, —CH₃, —CF₃, and cyclopropyl;    -   (b) C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl substituted with zero to 2 substituents        independently selected from F, —OH, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, —CH₃,        —CF₂H, —NH₂, and —C(O)OCH₂CH₃;    -   (c) oxetanyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or fluoro tetrahydropyranyl;    -   (d) phenyl substituted with zero to 2 substituents independently        selected from —OH, —CN, —OCH₃, C₁₋₂ hydroxyalkyl, —C(O)NH₂,        —S(O)₂NH₂, —NHS(O)₂CH₃, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, and methyl        tetrazolyl; or    -   (e)

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein:

-   R¹    -   is —CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OH, —CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OCH₃, —CH₂CHFC(CH₂CH₃)₂OH,        —CH₂CHFCH₂OCH₃, —(CH₂)₃OCH₃, —(CH₂)₃OC(CH₃)₃, —CH₂CF₂C(CH₃)₂OH,        —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)CH₃, —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)NHCH(CH₃)₂,        —CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OP(O)(OH)₂,

-   R² is

and

-   R³ is C₂₋₅    -   alkyl, —CH₂CF₃, —CH₂C(CH₃)₂F, —CH(CH₃)CHFCH₃, —CH(CH₃)CH₂F,        —CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₂F, —CH(CH₃)CH₂OH, —CH₂C(CH₃)₂OH, —CH₂CF₂C(CH₃)₂OH,        —CH(CH₃(cyclopropyl), C₃₋₄ cycloalkyl,

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R¹ is:

-   (a) C₁₋₃ alkyl substituted with —O(C₁₋₃ alkyl) and zero to 4 R^(1a)    wherein R^(1a) is independently selected from F, —OH, and —CF₃;-   (b) C₄₋₈ alkyl substituted with zero to 5 R^(1a) wherein R^(1a) is    independently selected from F, Cl, —OH, —CHF₂, —CF₃, —CN —OCH₃,    cyclopropyl, and —OP(O)OH)₂; or-   (c) —(CH₂)₂₋₄NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl),    —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl), or —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)N(C₁₋₃    alkyl)₂.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R¹ iscyclohexyl substituted with zero to 2 substituents independentlyselected from —OH, —OCH₃, C₁₋₃ alkyl, —OCH₃, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl,—C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —C(O)NH(C₃₋₅ cycloalkyl), —C(O)NH(fluorocyclopropyl), —NHC(O)C₁₋₃ alkyl), —NHC(O)O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —S(O)₂NH₂,—S(O)₂(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —S(C₁₋₂ alkyl), thiazolyl, methyl pyrazolyl, andC₁₋₃ alkyl substituted with —OH and cyclopropyl.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R³ is C₂₋₅alkyl, —CH₂CF₃, —CH₂C(CH₃)₂F, —CH(CH₃)CHFCH₃, —CH(CH₃)CH₂F,—CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₂F, —CH(CH₃)CH₂OH, —CH₂C(CH₃)₂OH, —CH₂CF₂C(CH₃)₂OH, or—CH(CH₃(cyclopropyl).

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R³ is C₃₋₄cycloalkyl,

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R³ is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R² is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein saidcompound is selected from Examples 2 to 168.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R¹ is (a)C₂₋₃ hydroxyalkyl substituted with zero to 4 R^(1a) wherein R^(1a) isindependently selected from F, Cl, —OH, —CHF₂, —CN, —CF₃, —OCH₃, andcyclopropyl; (b) C₁₋₃ alkyl substituted with —O(C₁₋₃ alkyl) and zero to4 R^(1a) wherein R^(1a) is independently selected from F, Cl, —OH,—CHF₂, —CN, —CF₃, and cyclopropyl; or (c) C₄₋₈ alkyl substituted withzero to 7 R^(1a) wherein R^(1a) is independently selected from F, Cl,—OH, —CHF₂, —CF₃, —CN —OCH₃, cyclopropyl, and —OP(O)(OH)₂. Included inthis embodiment are compounds in which R¹ is C₁₋₃ alkyl substituted with—O(C₁₋₃ alkyl) and zero to 4 R^(1a) wherein R^(1a) is independentlyselected from F, —OH, and —CF₃; or C₄₋₈ alkyl substituted with zero to 5R^(1a) wherein R^(1a) is independently selected from F, Cl, —OH, —CHF₂,—CF₃, —CN —OCH₃, cyclopropyl, and —OP(O)(OH)₂. Also included in thisembodiment are compounds in which R¹ is —CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OH,—CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OCH₃, —CH₂CHFC(CH₂CH₃)₂OH, —CH₂CHF CH₂OCH₃, —(CH₂)₃OCH₃,—(CH₂)₃OC(CH₃)₃, —CH₂CF₂C(CH₃)₂OH, or —CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OP(O)(OH)₂.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R¹ is—(CH₂)₂₋₄NHC(O)(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)(C₁₋₆ alkyl),—(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)(CH₂)₀₋₁NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), or—(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)(CH₂)₀₋₁N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂. Included in this embodimentare compounds in which R¹ is —(CH₂)₂₋₄NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl),—(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl), or—(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)N(C₁₋₃ alkyl)₂. Also included in this embodiment arecompounds in which R¹ is —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)CH₃ or—(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)NHCH(CH₃)₂.

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R¹ iscyclohexyl substituted with zero to 2 substituents independentlyselected from —OH, —OCH₃, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ hydroxyalkyl, —C(O)NH₂,—C(O)NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —C(O)NH(C₁₋₆ hydroxyalkyl), —C(O)NH(C₃₋₆cycloalkyl), —C(O)NH(C₃₋₆ fluoro cycloalkyl), —NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl),—NHC(O)O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —NHS(O)₂CH₃, —S(O)₂NH₂, —S(O)₂(C₁₋₃ alkyl),—S(C₁₋₃ alkyl), thiazolyl, methyl pyrazolyl, and C₁₋₃ alkyl substitutedwith —OH and cyclopropyl. Included in this embodiment are compounds inwhich R¹ is cyclohexyl substituted with zero to 2 substituentsindependently selected from —OH, —OCH₃, C₁₋₃ alkyl, —OCH₃, C₁₋₃hydroxyalkyl, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —C(O)NH(C₃₋₅ cycloalkyl),—C(O)NH(fluoro cyclopropyl), —NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —NHC(O)O(C₁₋₃ alkyl),—S(O)₂NH₂, —S(O)₂(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —S(C₁₋₂ alkyl), thiazolyl, methylpyrazolyl, and C₁₋₃ alkyl substituted with —OH and cyclopropyl. Alsoincluded in this embodiment are compounds in which R¹ is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R¹ is—(CH₂)₂(phenyl) wherein said phenyl is substituted with —C(O)NH₂,—C(O)NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl), or —S(O)₂NH₂; or piperidinyl substituted with—C(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl). Included in this embodiment are compounds in which R¹is —(CH₂)₂(phenyl) wherein said phenyl is substituted with —C(O)NH₂,—C(O)NH(CH₃), or —S(O)₂NH₂; or piperidinyl substituted with —C(O)(C₁₋₃alkyl). Also included in this embodiment are compounds in which R¹ is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R¹ is—CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OH, —CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OCH₃, —CH₂CHFC(CH₂CH₃)₂OH, —CH₂CHFCH₂OCH₃, —(CH₂)₃OCH₃, —(CH₂)₃OC(CH₃)₃, —CH₂CF₂C(CH₃)₂OH,—(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NH C(O)CH₃, —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)NHCH(CH₃)₂,—CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OP(O)(OH)₂,

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R² is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R³ is:C₂₋₅ alkyl, —CH₂CF₃, —CH₂C(CH₃)₂F, —CH(CH₃)CHFCH₃, —CH(CH₃)CH₂F,—CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₂F, —CH(CH₃)CH₂OH, —CH₂C(CH₃)₂OH, —CH₂CF₂C(CH₃)₂OH,—CH(CH₃)(cyclopropyl), C₃₋₄ cycloalkyl,

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R² isphenyl, pyridinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, ortriazolyl, each substituted with zero to 2 substituents independentlyselected from F, Cl, —OH, —CN, C₁₋₃ alkyl, —CH₂C(O)OCH₃, —O(C₁₋₃ alkyl),—NH₂, —NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —NH(cyclopropyl), —C(O)NH₂, —NH)C₁₋₃ alkyl),—NH(cyclopropyl), —C(O)NH₂, —NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —NH(tetrahydropyranyl),hydroxypyrrolidinyl, ═O, —O(piperidinyl), and pyridinyl. Included inthis embodiment are compounds in which R² is phenyl, pyridinyl,pyrimidinyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, or triazolyl, each substituted withzero to 2 substituents independently selected from F, Cl, —OH, —CN, C₁₋₃alkyl, —CH₂C(O)OCH₃, —O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —NH₂, —NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl),—NH(cyclopropyl), —C(O)NH₂, —NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —NH(tetrahydropyranyl),hydroxypyrrolidinyl, —O(piperidinyl), and pyridinyl; or pyridazinylsubstituted with ═O. Also included in this embodiment are compounds inwhich R² is

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (II) or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is provided wherein R³ is (a)C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted with zero to 4 substituents independentlyselected from F, —OH, —CH₃, —CF₃, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl; (b) C₃₋₆cycloalkyl substituted with zero to 2 substituents independentlyselected from F, —OH, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, —CH₃, —CF₂H, —NH₂, and—C(O)OCH₂CH₃; (c) oxetanyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or fluorotetrahydropyranyl; (d) phenyl substituted with zero to 2 substituentsindependently selected from —OH, —CN, —O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl,—C(O)NH₂, —S(O)₂NH₂, —NHS(O)₂(C₁₋₃ alkyl), pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, andmethyl tetrazolyl; or (e)

Included in this embodiment are compounds in which R³ is (a) C₁₋₅ alkylsubstituted with zero to 3 substituents independently selected from F,—OH, —CH₃, —CF₃, and cyclopropyl; (b) C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl substituted withzero to 2 substituents independently selected from F, —OH, C₁₋₃hydroxyalkyl, —CH₃, —CF₂H, —NH₂, and —C(O)OCH₂CH₃; (c) oxetanyl,tetrahydropyranyl, or fluoro tetrahydropyranyl; (d) phenyl substitutedwith zero to 2 substituents independently selected from —OH, —CN, —OCH₃,C₁₋₂ hydroxyalkyl, —C(O)NH₂, —S(O)₂NH₂, —NHS(O)₂CH₃, pyrazolyl,imidazolyl, and methyl tetrazolyl; or (e)

Also included in this embodiment are compounds in which R³ is C₂₋₅alkyl, —CH₂CF₃, —CH₂C(CH₃)₂F, —CH(CH₃)CHFCH₃, —CH(CH₃)CH₂F,—CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₂F, —CH(CH₃)CH₂OH, —CH₂C(CH₃)₂OH, —CH₂CF₂C(CH₃)₂OH,—CH(CH₃)(cyclopropyl), C₃₋₄ cycloalkyl,

One embodiment provides a compound of Formula (I) orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, selected from:6-((5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-4-(((1S,2S)-2,3-dihydroxy-1-phenylpropyl)amino)-N-methylnicotinamide(1);6-((5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(2);6-((5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino)nicotinamide(3);6-((5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-4-(ethylamino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)nicotinamide(4);6-((5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)-N-(trans-4-(methylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl)nicotinamide(5);6-((5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-N-((1R,4R)-4-(cyclopropylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(6);6-((5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-N-(trans-4-(((1S,2R)-2-fluorocyclopropyl)carbamoyl)cyclohexyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(7);N-(1-acetyl-4-piperidinyl)-6-((5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(8);N-(trans-4-acetamidocyclohexyl)-6-((5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(9);6-((5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-4-(cyclobutylamino)-N-(trans-4-(methylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl)nicotinamide(10);N-((1R,4R)-4-acetamidocyclohexyl)-6-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-(((3S,4R)-3-fluorotetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)nicotinamide (11);6-((3-chloro-5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(12);6-((3-chloro-5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ylamino)nicotinamide(13);6-((3-chloro-5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-4-(cyclopropylamino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)nicotinamide(14);N-((1r,4r)-4-acetamidocyclohexyl)-6-((3-chloro-5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(15);6-((3-chloro-5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)-N-((1r,4r)-4-(methylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl)nicotinamide(16);6-((5-cyano-3-fluoro-2-pyridinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(17);6-((5-cyano-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)-N-((1r,4r)-4-(methylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl)nicotinamide(18);N-(trans-4-acetamidocyclohexyl)-6-((5-cyano-3-fluoro-2-pyridinyl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(19);N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)-6-(4-pyrimidinylamino)nicotinamide(20);4-(cyclopropylamino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-6-(4-pyrimidinylamino)nicotinamide(21);6-((5-cyano-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(22);4-(cyclopropylamino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-6-((4-(3-pyridinyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)amino)nicotinamide(23);6-((2-(cyclopropylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(24);N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)-6-((2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-ylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl)amino)nicotinamide(25);N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-6-((2-(3-fluoro-1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinyl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(26); and6-((5-cyano-6-((3S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-pyridinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(27).

In another embodiment, there is provided a pharmaceutical compositioncomprising one or more compounds of Formula (I) and a pharmaceuticallyacceptable carrier or diluent.

The present invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositionsuseful in treating diseases associated with kinase modulation, includingmodulation (especially inhibition) of IRAK-4, comprising compounds ofFormula (I), or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, andpharmaceutically-acceptable carriers or diluents.

The invention further relates to methods of treating diseases associatedwith the kinase modulation, including the modulation of IRAK-4,comprising administering to a patient in need of such treatment atherapeutically-effective amount of a compound according to Formula (I).

The present invention also provides processes and intermediates formaking the compounds of the present invention or stereoisomers,tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or prodrugsthereof.

The present invention also provides a method for treating proliferative,metabolic, allergic, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases (or use of thecompounds of the present invention or stereoisomers, tautomers,pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof, forthe manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of these diseases),comprising administering to a host in need of such treatment atherapeutically effective amount of at least one of the compounds of thepresent invention or stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceuticallyacceptable salts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof.

The present invention also provides a method for treating a disease (oruse of the compounds of the present invention or stereoisomers,tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or prodrugsthereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of thesediseases), comprising administering to a patient in need of suchtreatment a therapeutically-effective amount of a compound of formula I,wherein the disease is Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, asthma,graft versus host disease, allograft rejection, chronic obstructivepulmonary disease; Graves' disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupuserythematosis, psoriasis; CAPS, TRAPS, FMF, adult onset stills, systemiconset juvenile idiopathic arthritis, multiple sclerosis, neuropathicpain, gout, and gouty arthritis.

The present invention also provides a method of treating an inflammatoryor autoimmune disease (or use of the compounds of the present inventionor stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts,solvates, or prodrugs thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament forthe treatment of these diseases) comprising administering to a patientin need of such treatment a therapeutically-effective amount of acompound according to formula I.

The present invention also provides a method of treating an inflammatoryor autoimmune disease (or use of the compounds of the present inventionor stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts,solvates, or prodrugs thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament forthe treatment of these diseases) wherein the disease is selected fromCrohn's, ulcerative colitis, asthma, graft versus host disease,allograft rejection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Graves'disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosis, psoriasis;CAPS, TRAPS, FMF, adult onset stills, systemic onset juvenile idiopathicarthritis, multiple sclerosis, neuropathic pain, gout, and goutyarthritis.

In addition, the present invention provides a method of treating acondition (or use of the compounds of the present invention orstereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates,or prodrugs thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for thetreatment of these conditions) comprising administering to a patient inneed of such treatment a therapeutically-effective amount of a compoundof formula I, wherein the condition is selected from acute myelogenousleukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, metastatic melanoma, Kaposi'ssarcoma, multiple myeloma, solid tumors, ocular neovasculization, andinfantile haemangiomas, B cell lymphoma, systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, multiple vasculitides,idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), myasthenia gravis, allergicrhinitis, multiple sclerosis (MS), transplant rejection, Type Idiabetes, membranous nephritis, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmunehemolytic anemia, autoimmune thyroiditis, cold and warm agglutinindiseases, Evans' syndrome, hemolytic uremic syndrome/thromboticthrombocytopenic purpura (HUS/TTP), sarcoidosis, Sjögren's syndrome,peripheral neuropathies, pemphigus vulgaris and asthma.

The present invention also provides a method for treating a rheumatoidarthritis (or use of the compounds of the present invention orstereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates,or prodrugs thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for thetreatment of rheumatoid arthritis), comprising administering to apatient in need of such treatment a therapeutically-effective amount ofa compound of formula I.

The present invention also provides a method of treating a TLR/IL-1mediated disease (or use of the compounds of the present invention orstereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates,or prodrugs thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for thetreatment of these diseases), comprising administering to a patient inneed of such treatment a therapeutically-effective amount of a compoundof formula I

The present invention also provides a method of treating a TLR/IL-1mediated disease (or use of the compounds of the present invention orstereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates,or prodrugs thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for thetreatment of these diseases), comprising administering to a patient inneed of such treatment a therapeutically-effective amount of a compoundof formula I, wherein the TLR/IL-1 mediated disease is a diseasemodulated by a kinase selected from IRAK-4.

The present invention also provides a method of treating diseases,comprising administering to a patient in need of such treatment atherapeutically-effective amount of a compound of formula I, orpharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in combination with othertherapeutic agents.

The present invention also provides the compounds of the presentinvention or stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptablesalts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof, for use in therapy.

In another embodiment, compounds of formula I are selected fromexemplified compounds or combinations of exemplified compounds or otherembodiments herein.

In another embodiment are compounds having an IC₅₀<1000 nM in the IRAK-4assay described below.

The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms withoutdeparting from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. Thisinvention encompasses all combinations of preferred aspects and/orembodiments of the invention noted herein. It is understood that any andall embodiments of the present invention may be taken in conjunctionwith any other embodiment or embodiments to describe additional morepreferred embodiments. It is also to be understood that each individualelement of the preferred embodiments is its own independent preferredembodiment. Furthermore, any element of an embodiment is meant to becombined with any and all other elements from any embodiment to describean additional embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The following are definitions of terms used in this specification andappended claims. The initial definition provided for a group or termherein applies to that group or term throughout the specification andclaims, individually or as part of another group, unless otherwiseindicated.

Compounds of this invention may have one or more asymmetric centers.Unless otherwise indicated, all chiral (enantiomeric and diastereomeric)and racemic forms of compounds of the present invention are included inthe present invention. Many geometric isomers of olefins, C═N doublebonds, and the like can also be present in the compounds, and all suchstable isomers are contemplated in the present invention. Cis- andtrans-geometric isomers of the compounds of the present invention aredescribed and may be isolated as a mixture of isomers or as separatedisomeric forms. The present compounds can be isolated in opticallyactive or racemic forms. It is well known in the art how to prepareoptically active forms, such as by resolution of racemic forms or bysynthesis from optically active starting materials. All chiral,(enantiomeric and diastereomeric) and racemic forms and all geometricisomeric forms of a structure are intended, unless the specificstereochemistry or isomer form is specifically indicated.

When any variable (e.g., R³) occurs more than one time in anyconstituent or formula for a compound, its definition at each occurrenceis independent of its definition at every other occurrence. Thus, forexample, if a group is shown to be substituted with 0-2 R³, then saidgroup may optionally be substituted with up to two R³ groups and R³ ateach occurrence is selected independently from the definition of R³.Also, combinations of substituents and/or variables are permissible onlyif such combinations result in stable compounds.

When a bond to a substituent is shown to cross a bond connecting twoatoms in a ring, then such substituent may be bonded to any atom on thering. When a substituent is listed without indicating the atom via whichsuch substituent is bonded to the rest of the compound of a givenformula, then such substituent may be bonded via any atom in suchsubstituent. Combinations of substituents and/or variables arepermissible only if such combinations result in stable compounds.

In cases wherein there are nitrogen atoms (e.g., amines) on compounds ofthe present invention, these can be converted to N-oxides by treatmentwith an oxidizing agent (e.g., MCPBA and/or hydrogen peroxides) toafford other compounds of this invention. Thus, all shown and claimednitrogen atoms are considered to cover both the shown nitrogen and itsN-oxide (N→O) derivative.

In accordance with a convention used in the art, is used in structuralformulas herein to depict the bond that is the point of attachment ofthe moiety or substituent to the core or backbone structure.

A dash “-” that is not between two letters or symbols is used toindicate a point of attachment for a substituent. For example, —CONH₂ isattached through the carbon atom.

The term “optionally substituted” in reference to a particular moiety ofthe compound of Formula I (e.g., an optionally substituted heteroarylgroup) refers to a moiety having 0, 1, 2, or more substituents. Forexample, “optionally substituted alkyl” encompasses both “alkyl” and“substituted alkyl” as defined below. It will be understood by thoseskilled in the art, with respect to any group containing one or moresubstituents, that such groups are not intended to introduce anysubstitution or substitution patterns that are sterically impractical,synthetically non-feasible and/or inherently unstable.

As used herein, the term “at least one chemical entity” isinterchangeable with the term “a compound”.

As used herein, the term “alkyl” or “alkylene” is intended to includeboth branched and straight-chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groupshaving the specified number of carbon atoms. For example, “C₁₋₁₀ alkyl”(or alkylene), is intended to include C₁, C₂, C₃, C₄, C₅, C₆, C₇, C₈,C₉, and C₁₀ alkyl groups. Additionally, for example, “C₁-C₆ alkyl”denotes alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Alkyl groups can beunsubstituted or substituted so that one or more of its hydrogens arereplaced by another chemical group. Example alkyl groups include, butare not limited to, methyl (Me), ethyl (Et), propyl (e.g., n-propyl andisopropyl), butyl (e.g., n-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl), pentyl (e.g.,n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl), and the like.

Alkenyl” or “alkenylene” is intended to include hydrocarbon chains ofeither straight or branched configuration and having one or more doublecarbon-carbon bonds that may occur in any stable point along the chain.For example, “C₂₋₆ alkenyl” (or alkenylene), is intended to include C₂,C₃, C₄, C₅, and C₆ alkenyl groups. Examples of alkenyl include, but arenot limited to, ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl,2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 4-hexenyl,5-hexenyl, 2-methyl-2-propenyl, 4-methyl-3-pentenyl, and the like.

“Alkynyl” or “alkynylene” is intended to include hydrocarbon chains ofeither straight or branched configuration and having one or more triplecarbon-carbon bonds that may occur in any stable point along the chain.For example, “C₂₋₆ alkynyl” (or alkynylene), is intended to include C₂,C₃, C₄, C₅, and C₆ alkynyl groups; such as ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl,pentynyl, hexynyl and the like.

One skilled in the field will understand that, when the designation“CO₂” is used herein, this is intended to refer to the group

When the term “alkyl” is used together with another group, such as in“arylalkyl”, this conjunction defines with more specificity at least oneof the substituents that the substituted alkyl will contain. Forexample, “arylalkyl” refers to a substituted alkyl group as definedabove where at least one of the substituents is an aryl, such as benzyl.Thus, the term aryl(C₀₋₄)alkyl includes a substituted lower alkyl havingat least one aryl substituent and also includes an aryl directly bondedto another group, i.e., aryl(C₀)alkyl. The term “heteroarylalkyl” refersto a substituted alkyl group as defined above where at least one of thesubstituents is a heteroaryl.

When reference is made to a substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylene,alkenylene, or alkynylene group, these groups are substituted with oneto three substituents as defined above for substituted alkyl groups.

The term “alkoxy” refers to an oxygen atom substituted by alkyl orsubstituted alkyl, as defined herein. For example, the term “alkoxy”includes the group —O—C₁₋₆ alkyl such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy,isopropoxy, n-butoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, pentoxy, 2-pentyloxy,isopentoxy, neopentoxy, hexoxy, 2-hexoxy, 3-hexoxy, 3-methylpentoxy, andthe like. “Lower alkoxy” refers to alkoxy groups having one to fourcarbons.

It should be understood that the selections for all groups, includingfor example, alkoxy, thioalkyl, and aminoalkyl, will be made by oneskilled in the field to provide stable compounds.

The term “substituted”, as used herein, means that any one or morehydrogens on the designated atom or group is replaced with a selectionfrom the indicated group, provided that the designated atom's normalvalence is not exceeded. When a substituent is oxo, or keto, (i.e., ═O)then 2 hydrogens on the atom are replaced. Keto substituents are notpresent on aromatic moieties. Unless otherwise specified, substituentsare named into the core structure. For example, it is to be understoodthat when (cycloalkyl)alkyl is listed as a possible substituent, thepoint of attachment of this substituent to the core structure is in thealkyl portion. Ring double bonds, as used herein, are double bonds thatare formed between two adjacent ring atoms (e.g., C═C, C═N, or N═N).

Combinations of substituents and/or variables are permissible only ifsuch combinations result in stable compounds or useful syntheticintermediates. A stable compound or stable structure is meant to imply acompound that is sufficiently robust to survive isolation from areaction mixture to a useful degree of purity, and subsequentformulation into an efficacious therapeutic agent. It is preferred thatthe presently recited compounds do not contain a N-halo, S(O)₂H, orS(O)H group.

The term “cycloalkyl” refers to cyclized alkyl groups, including mono-,bi- or poly-cyclic ring systems. C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl is intended to includeC₃, C₄, C₅, C₆, and C₇ cycloalkyl groups. Example cycloalkyl groupsinclude, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl,cyclohexyl, norbornyl, and the like. As used herein, “carbocycle” or“carbocyclic residue” is intended to mean any stable 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, or7-monocyclic or bicyclic or 7-, 8-, 9-, 10-, 11-, 12-, or 13-memberedbicyclic or tricyclic ring, any of which may be saturated, partiallyunsaturated, unsaturated or aromatic. Examples of such carbocyclesinclude, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclobutenyl,cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptenyl, cycloheptyl,cycloheptenyl, adamantyl, cyclooctyl, cyclooctenyl, cyclooctadienyl,[3.3.0]bicyclooctane, [4.3.0]bicyclononane, [4.4.0]bicyclodecane,[2.2.2]bicyclooctane, fluorenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, indanyl, adamantyl,anthracenyl, and tetrahydronaphthyl (tetralin). As shown above, bridgedrings are also included in the definition of carbocycle (e.g.,[2.2.2]bicyclooctane). Preferred carbocycles, unless otherwisespecified, are cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, andphenyl. When the term “carbocycle” is used, it is intended to include“aryl”. A bridged ring occurs when one or more carbon atoms link twonon-adjacent carbon atoms. Preferred bridges are one or two carbonatoms. It is noted that a bridge always converts a monocyclic ring intoa bicyclic ring. When a ring is bridged, the substituents recited forthe ring may also be present on the bridge.

The term “aryl” refers to monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbongroups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms in the ring portion, such as phenyl,and naphthyl groups, each of which may be substituted.

Accordingly, in compounds of Formula (I), the term “cycloalkyl” includescyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl,bicyclooctyl, etc., as well as the following ring systems:

and the like, which optionally may be substituted at any available atomsof the ring(s). Preferred cycloalkyl groups include cyclopropyl,cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and

The term “halo” or “halogen” refers to chloro, bromo, fluoro and iodo.

The term “haloalkyl” means a substituted alkyl having one or more halosubstituents. For example, “haloalkyl” includes mono, bi, andtrifluoromethyl.

The term “haloalkoxy” means an alkoxy group having one or more halosubstituents. For example, “haloalkoxy” includes OCF₃.

Thus, examples of aryl groups include:

(fluorenyl) and the like, which optionally may be substituted at anyavailable carbon or nitrogen atom. A preferred aryl group isoptionally-substituted phenyl.

The terms “heterocycloalkyl”, “heterocyclo”, “heterocyclic”, or“heterocyclyl” may be used interchangeably and refer to substituted andunsubstituted 3- to 7-membered monocyclic groups, 7- to 11-memberedbicyclic groups, and 10- to 15-membered tricyclic groups, in which atleast one of the rings has at least one heteroatom (0, S or N), saidheteroatom containing ring preferably having 1, 2, or 3 heteroatomsselected from O, S, and N. Each ring of such a group containing aheteroatom can contain one or two oxygen or sulfur atoms and/or from oneto four nitrogen atoms provided that the total number of heteroatoms ineach ring is four or less, and further provided that the ring containsat least one carbon atom. The nitrogen and sulfur atoms may optionallybe oxidized and the nitrogen atoms may optionally be quaternized. Thefused rings completing the bicyclic and tricyclic groups may containonly carbon atoms and may be saturated, partially saturated, orunsaturated. The heterocyclo group may be attached at any availablenitrogen or carbon atom. The term “heterocycle” includes “heteroaryl”groups. As valence allows, if said further ring is cycloalkyl orheterocyclo it is additionally optionally substituted with ═O (oxo).

Exemplary monocyclic heterocyclyl groups include azetidinyl,pyrrolidinyl, oxetanyl, imidazolinyl, oxazolidinyl, isoxazolinyl,thiazolidinyl, isothiazolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, piperidyl,piperazinyl, 2-oxopiperazinyl, 2-oxopiperidyl, 2-oxopyrrolodinyl,2-oxoazepinyl, azepinyl, 1-pyridonyl, 4-piperidonyl, tetrahydropyranyl,morpholinyl, thiamorpholinyl, thiamorpholinyl sulfoxide, thiamorpholinylsulfone, 1,3-dioxolane and tetrahydro-1,1-dioxothienyl and the like.Exemplary bicyclic heterocyclo groups include quinuclidinyl Additionalmonocyclic heterocyclyl groups include

The term “heteroaryl” refers to substituted and unsubstituted aromatic5- or 6-membered monocyclic groups, 9- or 10-membered bicyclic groups,and 11- to 14-membered tricyclic groups which have at least oneheteroatom (O, S or N) in at least one of the rings, saidheteroatom-containing ring preferably having 1, 2, or 3 heteroatomsselected from O, S, and N. Each ring of the heteroaryl group containinga heteroatom can contain one or two oxygen or sulfur atoms and/or fromone to four nitrogen atoms provided that the total number of heteroatomsin each ring is four or less and each ring has at least one carbon atom.The fused rings completing the bicyclic and tricyclic groups may containonly carbon atoms and may be saturated, partially saturated, orunsaturated. The nitrogen and sulfur atoms may optionally be oxidizedand the nitrogen atoms may optionally be quaternized. Heteroaryl groupswhich are bicyclic or tricyclic must include at least one fully aromaticring but the other fused ring or rings may be aromatic or non-aromatic.The heteroaryl group may be attached at any available nitrogen or carbonatom of any ring. As valence allows, if said further ring is cycloalkylor heterocyclo it is additionally optionally substituted with ═O (oxo).

Exemplary monocyclic heteroaryl groups include pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl,pyrazolinyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl,isothiazolyl, furanyl, thienyl, oxadiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl,pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl and the like.

Exemplary bicyclic heteroaryl groups include indolyl, benzothiazolyl,benzodioxolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothienyl, quinolinyl,tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzopyranyl,indolizinyl, benzofuranyl, chromonyl, coumarinyl, benzopyranyl,cinnolinyl, quinoxalinyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridyl, furopyridyl,dihydroisoindolyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl and the like.

Exemplary tricyclic heteroaryl groups include carbazolyl, benzindolyl,phenanthrollinyl, acridinyl, phenanthridinyl, xanthenyl and the like.

In compounds of Formula (I), preferred heteroaryl groups include

and the like, which optionally may be substituted at any availablecarbon or nitrogen atom.

Unless otherwise indicated, when reference is made to aspecifically-named aryl (e.g., phenyl), cycloalkyl (e.g., cyclohexyl),heterocyclo (e.g., pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, and morpholinyl) orheteroaryl (e.g., tetrazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl,thiazolyl, and furyl) the reference is intended to include rings having0 to 3, preferably 0 to 2, substituents selected from those recitedabove for the aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclo and/or heteroaryl groups, asappropriate.

The term “carbocyclyl” or “carbocyclic” refers to a saturated orunsaturated monocyclic or bicyclic ring in which all atoms of all ringsare carbon. Thus, the term includes cycloalkyl and aryl rings.Monocyclic carbocycles have 3 to 6 ring atoms, still more typically 5 or6 ring atoms. Bicyclic carbocycles have 7 to 12 ring atoms, e.g.,arranged as a bicyclo [4,5], [5,5], [5,6] or [6,6] system, or 9 or 10ring atoms arranged as a bicyclo [5,6] or [6,6] system. Examples ofmono- and bicyclic carbocycles include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl,cyclopentyl, 1-cyclopent-1-enyl, 1-cyclopent-2-enyl, 1-cyclopent-3-enyl,cyclohexyl, 1-cyclohex-1-enyl, 1-cyclohex-2-enyl, 1-cyclohex-3-enyl,phenyl and naphthyl. The carbocyclic ring may be substituted in whichcase the substituents are selected from those recited above forcycloalkyl and aryl groups.

The term “heteroatoms” shall include oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen.

When the term “unsaturated” is used herein to refer to a ring or group,the ring or group may be fully unsaturated or partially unsaturated.

Throughout the specification, groups and substituents thereof may bechosen by one skilled in the field to provide stable moieties andcompounds and compounds useful as pharmaceutically-acceptable compoundsand/or intermediate compounds useful in makingpharmaceutically-acceptable compounds.

The compounds of Formula (I) may exist in a free form (with noionization) or can form salts which are also within the scope of thisinvention. Unless otherwise indicated, reference to an inventivecompound is understood to include reference to the free form and tosalts thereof. The term “salt(s)” denotes acidic and/or basic saltsformed with inorganic and/or organic acids and bases. In addition, theterm “salt(s) may include zwitterions (inner salts), e.g., when acompound of Formula (I), contains both a basic moiety, such as an amineor a pyridine or imidazole ring, and an acidic moiety, such as acarboxylic acid. Pharmaceutically acceptable (i.e., non-toxic,physiologically acceptable) salts are preferred, such as, for example,acceptable metal and amine salts in which the cation does not contributesignificantly to the toxicity or biological activity of the salt.However, other salts may be useful, e.g., in isolation or purificationsteps which may be employed during preparation, and thus, arecontemplated within the scope of the invention. Salts of the compoundsof the Formula (I) may be formed, for example, by reacting a compound ofthe Formula (I) with an amount of acid or base, such as an equivalentamount, in a medium such as one in which the salt precipitates or in anaqueous medium followed by lyophilization.

Exemplary acid addition salts include acetates (such as those formedwith acetic acid or trihaloacetic acid, for example, trifluoroaceticacid), adipates, alginates, ascorbates, aspartates, benzoates,benzenesulfonates, bisulfates, borates, butyrates, citrates,camphorates, camphorsulfonates, cyclopentanepropionates, digluconates,dodecylsulfates, ethanesulfonates, fumarates, glucoheptanoates,glycerophosphates, hemisulfates, heptanoates, hexanoates, hydrochlorides(formed with hydrochloric acid), hydrobromides (formed with hydrogenbromide), hydroiodides, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonates, lactates, maleates(formed with maleic acid), methanesulfonates (formed withmethanesulfonic acid), 2-naphthalenesulfonates, nicotinates, nitrates,oxalates, pectinates, persulfates, 3-phenylpropionates, phosphates,picrates, pivalates, propionates, salicylates, succinates, sulfates(such as those formed with sulfuric acid), sulfonates (such as thosementioned herein), tartrates, thiocyanates, toluenesulfonates such astosylates, undecanoates, and the like.

Exemplary basic salts include ammonium salts, alkali metal salts such assodium, lithium, and potassium salts; alkaline earth metal salts such ascalcium and magnesium salts; barium, zinc, and aluminum salts; saltswith organic bases (for example, organic amines) such as trialkylaminessuch as triethylamine, procaine, dibenzylamine,N-benzyl-β-phenethylamine, 1-ephenamine, N,N′-dibenzylethylene-diamine,dehydroabietylamine, N-ethylpiperidine, benzylamine, dicyclohexylamineor similar pharmaceutically acceptable amines and salts with amino acidssuch as arginine, lysine and the like. Basic nitrogen-containing groupsmay be quaternized with agents such as lower alkyl halides (e.g.,methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl chlorides, bromides and iodides),dialkyl sulfates (e.g., dimethyl, diethyl, dibutyl, and diamylsulfates), long chain halides (e.g., decyl, lauryl, myristyl and stearylchlorides, bromides and iodides), aralkyl halides (e.g., benzyl andphenethyl bromides), and others. Preferred salts includemonohydrochloride, hydrogensulfate, methanesulfonate, phosphate ornitrate salts.

The phrase “pharmaceutically acceptable” is employed herein to refer tothose compounds, materials, compositions, and/or dosage forms which are,within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contactwith the tissues of human beings and animals without excessive toxicity,irritation, allergic response, or other problem or complication,commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.

As used herein, “pharmaceutically acceptable salts” refer to derivativesof the disclosed compounds wherein the parent compound is modified bymaking acid or base salts thereof. Examples of pharmaceuticallyacceptable salts include, but are not limited to, mineral or organicacid salts of basic groups such as amines; and alkali or organic saltsof acidic groups such as carboxylic acids. The pharmaceuticallyacceptable salts include the conventional non-toxic salts or thequaternary ammonium salts of the parent compound formed, for example,from non-toxic inorganic or organic acids. For example, suchconventional non-toxic salts include those derived from inorganic acidssuch as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, sulfamic, phosphoric, andnitric; and the salts prepared from organic acids such as acetic,propionic, succinic, glycolic, stearic, lactic, malic, tartaric, citric,ascorbic, pamoic, maleic, hydroxymaleic, phenylacetic, glutamic,benzoic, salicylic, sulfanilic, 2-acetoxybenzoic, fumaric,toluenesulfonic, methanesulfonic, ethane disulfonic, oxalic, andisethionic, and the like.

The pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the present invention can besynthesized from the parent compound which contains a basic or acidicmoiety by conventional chemical methods. Generally, such salts can beprepared by reacting the free acid or base forms of these compounds witha stoichiometric amount of the appropriate base or acid in water or inan organic solvent, or in a mixture of the two; generally, nonaqueousmedia like ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol, isopropanol, or acetonitrileare preferred. Lists of suitable salts are found in Remington'sPharmaceutical Sciences, 18th Edition, Mack Publishing Company, Easton,Pa. (1990), the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.

All stereoisomers of the compounds of the instant invention arecontemplated, either in admixture or in pure or substantially pure form.Stereoisomers may include compounds which are optical isomers throughpossession of one or more chiral atoms, as well as compounds which areoptical isomers by virtue of limited rotation about one or more bonds(atropisomers). The definition of compounds according to the inventionembraces all the possible stereoisomers and their mixtures. It veryparticularly embraces the racemic forms and the isolated optical isomershaving the specified activity. The racemic forms can be resolved byphysical methods, such as, for example, fractional crystallization,separation or crystallization of diastereomeric derivatives orseparation by chiral column chromatography. The individual opticalisomers can be obtained from the racemates from the conventionalmethods, such as, for example, salt formation with an optically activeacid followed by crystallization.

The present invention is intended to include all isotopes of atomsoccurring in the present compounds. Isotopes include those atoms havingthe same atomic number but different mass numbers. By way of generalexample and without limitation, isotopes of hydrogen include deuteriumand tritium. Isotopes of carbon include ¹³C and ¹⁴C.Isotopically-labeled compounds of the invention can generally beprepared by conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art orby processes analogous to those described herein, using an appropriateisotopically-labeled reagent in place of the non-labeled reagentotherwise employed.

Prodrugs and solvates of the inventive compounds are also contemplated.The term “prodrug” denotes a compound which, upon administration to asubject, undergoes chemical conversion by metabolic or chemicalprocesses to yield a compound of the Formula (I), and/or a salt and/orsolvate thereof. Any compound that will be converted in vivo to providethe bioactive agent (i.e., the compound for Formula (I)) is a prodrugwithin the scope and spirit of the invention. For example, compoundscontaining a carboxy group can form physiologically hydrolyzable esterswhich serve as prodrugs by being hydrolyzed in the body to yield Formula(I) compounds per se. Such prodrugs are preferably administered orallysince hydrolysis in many instances occurs principally under theinfluence of the digestive enzymes. Parenteral administration may beused where the ester per se is active, or in those instances wherehydrolysis occurs in the blood. Examples of physiologically hydrolyzableesters of compounds of Formula (I) include C₁₋₆ alkylbenzyl,4-methoxybenzyl, indanyl, phthalyl, methoxymethyl, C₁₋₆ alkanoyloxy-C₁₋₆alkyl, e.g., acetoxymethyl, pivaloyloxymethyl or propionyloxymethyl,C₁₋₆ alkoxycarbonyloxy-C₁₋₆ alkyl, e.g., methoxycarbonyl-oxymethyl orethoxycarbonyloxymethyl, glycyloxymethyl, phenylglycyloxymethyl,(5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolen-4-yl)-methyl and other well knownphysiologically hydrolyzable esters used, for example, in the penicillinand cephalosporin arts. Such esters may be prepared by conventionaltechniques known in the art.

Various forms of prodrugs are well known in the art. For examples ofsuch prodrug derivatives, see:

-   a) Bundgaard, H., ed., Design of Prodrugs, Elsevier (1985), and    Widder, K. et al., eds., Methods in Enzymology, 112:309-396,    Academic Press (1985);-   b) Bundgaard, H., Chapter 5, “Design and Application of Prodrugs”,    Krosgaard-Larsen, P. et al., eds., A Textbook of Drug Design and    Development, pp. 113-191, Harwood Academic Publishers (1991); and-   c) Bundgaard, H., Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 8:1-38 (1992), each of    which is incorporated herein by reference.

Compounds of the Formula (I) and salts thereof may exist in theirtautomeric form, in which hydrogen atoms are transposed to other partsof the molecules and the chemical bonds between the atoms of themolecules are consequently rearranged. It should be understood that theall tautomeric forms, insofar as they may exist, are included within theinvention. Additionally, inventive compounds may have trans and cisisomers.

It should further be understood that solvates (e.g., hydrates) of thecompounds of Formula (I) are also with the scope of the presentinvention. Methods of solvation are generally known in the art.

UTILITY

The compounds of the invention modulate kinase activity, including themodulation of IRAK-4. Other types of kinase activity that may bemodulated by the compounds of the instant invention include, but are notlimited to, the Pelle/IRAK family and mutants thereof.

Accordingly, compounds of Formula (I) have utility in treatingconditions associated with the modulation of kinase activity, andparticularly the selective inhibition of IRAK-4 activity or theinhibition of IRAK and other Pelle family kinases. Such conditionsinclude TLR/IL-1 family receptor associated diseases in which cytokinelevels are modulated as a consequence of intracellular signaling.Moreover, the compounds of Formula (I) have advantageous selectivity forIRAK-4 activity, preferably from at least 20 fold to over 1,000 foldmore selective.

As used herein, the terms “treating” or “treatment” encompass thetreatment of a disease state in a mammal, particularly in a human, andinclude: (a) preventing or delaying the occurrence of the disease statein a mammal, in particular, when such mammal is predisposed to thedisease state but has not yet been diagnosed as having it; (b)inhibiting the disease state, i.e., arresting its development; and/or(c) achieving a full or partial reduction of the symptoms or diseasestate, and/or alleviating, ameliorating, lessening, or curing thedisease or disorder and/or its symptoms.

In view of their activity as selective inhibitors IRAK-4, compounds ofFormula (I) are useful in treating TLR/IL-1 family receptor associateddiseases, but not limited to, inflammatory diseases such as Crohn'sdisease, ulcerative colitis, asthma, graft versus host disease,allograft rejection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; autoimmunediseases such as Graves' disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupuserythematosis, psoriasis; auto-inflammatory diseases including CAPS,TRAPS, FMF, adult onset stills, systemic onset juvenile idiopathicarthritis, gout, gouty arthritis; metabolic diseases including type 2diabetes, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction; destructive bonedisorders such as bone resorption disease, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis,multiple myeloma-related bone disorder; proliferative disorders such asacute myelogenous leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia; angiogenicdisorders such as angiogenic disorders including solid tumors, ocularneovasculization, and infantile haemangiomas; infectious diseases suchas sepsis, septic shock, and Shigellosis; neurodegenerative diseasessuch as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cerebral ischemias orneurodegenerative disease caused by traumatic injury, oncologic andviral diseases such as metastatic melanoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, multiplemyeloma, and HIV infection and CMV retinitis, AIDS, respectively.

More particularly, the specific conditions or diseases that may betreated with the inventive compounds include, without limitation,pancreatitis (acute or chronic), asthma, allergies, adult respiratorydistress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,glomerulonephritis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosis,scleroderma, chronic thyroiditis, Graves' disease, autoimmune gastritis,diabetes, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, autoimmune neutropenia,thrombocytopenia, atopic dermatitis, chronic active hepatitis,myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease,ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, psoriasis, graft vs. host disease,inflammatory reaction induced by endotoxin, tuberculosis,atherosclerosis, muscle degeneration, cachexia, psoriatic arthritis,Reiter's syndrome, gout, traumatic arthritis, rubella arthritis, acutesynovitis, pancreatic β-cell disease; diseases characterized by massiveneutrophil infiltration; rheumatoid spondylitis, gouty arthritis andother arthritic conditions, cerebral malaria, chronic pulmonaryinflammatory disease, silicosis, pulmonary sarcoidosis, bone resorptiondisease, allograft rejections, fever and myalgias due to infection,cachexia secondary to infection, keloid formation, scar tissueformation, ulcerative colitis, pyresis, influenza, osteoporosis,osteoarthritis, acute myelogenous leukemia, chronic myelogenousleukemia, metastatic melanoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, multiple myeloma,sepsis, septic shock, and Shigellosis; Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson'sdisease, cerebral ischemias or neurodegenerative disease caused bytraumatic injury; angiogenic disorders including solid tumors, ocularneovasculization, and infantile haemangiomas; viral diseases includingacute hepatitis infection (including hepatitis A, hepatitis B andhepatitis C), HIV infection and CMV retinitis, AIDS, ARC or malignancy,and herpes; stroke, myocardial ischemia, ischemia in stroke heartattacks, organ hypoxia, vascular hyperplasia, cardiac and renalreperfusion injury, thrombosis, cardiac hypertrophy, thrombin-inducedplatelet aggregation, endotoxemia and/or toxic shock syndrome,conditions associated with prostaglandin endoperoxidase syndase-2, andpemphigus vulgaris. Preferred methods of treatment are those wherein thecondition is selected from Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis,allograft rejection, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, ankylosingspondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, and pemphigus vulgaris. Alternativelypreferred methods of treatment are those wherein the condition isselected from ischemia reperfusion injury, including cerebral ischemiareperfusions injury arising from stroke and cardiac ischemia reperfusioninjury arising from myocardial infarction. Another preferred method oftreatment is one in which the condition is multiple myeloma.

In addition, the kinase inhibitors of the present invention inhibit theexpression of inducible pro-inflammatory proteins such as prostaglandinendoperoxide synthase-2 (PGHS-2), also referred to as cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2), IL-1, IL-6, IL-18, chemokines. Accordingly, additionalIRAK-4-associated conditions include edema, analgesia, fever and pain,such as neuromuscular pain, headache, pain caused by cancer, dental painand arthritis pain. The inventive compounds also may be used to treatveterinary viral infections, such as lentivirus infections, including,but not limited to equine infectious anemia virus; or retrovirusinfections, including feline immunodeficiency virus, bovineimmunodeficiency virus, and canine immunodeficiency virus.

When the terms “IRAK-4-associated condition” or “IRAK-4-associateddisease or disorder” are used herein, each is intended to encompass allof the conditions identified above as if repeated at length, as well asany other condition that is affected by IRAK-4 kinase activity.

The present invention thus provides methods for treating suchconditions, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof atherapeutically-effective amount of at least one compound of Formula (I)or a salt thereof. “Therapeutically effective amount” is intended toinclude an amount of a compound of the present invention that iseffective when administered alone or in combination to inhibit IRAK-4and/or treat diseases.

The methods of treating IRAK-4 kinase-associated conditions may compriseadministering compounds of Formula (I) alone or in combination with eachother and/or other suitable therapeutic agents useful in treating suchconditions. Accordingly, “therapeutically effective amount” is alsointended to include an amount of the combination of compounds claimedthat is effective to inhibit IRAK-4 and/or treat diseases associatedwith IRAK-4.

Exemplary of such other therapeutic agents include corticosteroids,rolipram, calphostin, cytokine-suppressive anti-inflammatory drugs(CSAIDs), Interleukin-10, glucocorticoids, salicylates, nitric oxide,and other immunosuppressants; nuclear translocation inhibitors, such asdeoxyspergualin (DSG); non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)such as ibuprofen, celecoxib and rofecoxib; steroids such as prednisoneor dexamethasone; antiviral agents such as abacavir; antiproliferativeagents such as methotrexate, leflunomide, FK506 (tacrolimus, PROGRAF®);anti-malarials such as hydroxychloroquine; cytotoxic drugs such asazathiprine and cyclophosphamide; TNF-α inhibitors such as tenidap,anti-TNF antibodies or soluble TNF receptor, and rapamycin (sirolimus orRAPAMUNE®) or derivatives thereof.

The above other therapeutic agents, when employed in combination withthe compounds of the present invention, may be used, for example, inthose amounts indicated in the Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR) or asotherwise determined by one of ordinary skill in the art. In the methodsof the present invention, such other therapeutic agent(s) may beadministered prior to, simultaneously with, or following theadministration of the inventive compounds. The present invention alsoprovides pharmaceutical compositions capable of treating IRAK-4kinase-associated conditions, including TLR and IL-1 family receptormediated diseases as described above.

The inventive compositions may contain other therapeutic agents asdescribed above and may be formulated, for example, by employingconventional solid or liquid vehicles or diluents, as well aspharmaceutical additives of a type appropriate to the mode of desiredadministration (e.g., excipients, binders, preservatives, stabilizers,flavors, etc.) according to techniques such as those well known in theart of pharmaceutical formulation.

Accordingly, the present invention further includes compositionscomprising one or more compounds of Formula (I) and a pharmaceuticallyacceptable carrier.

A “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” refers to media generallyaccepted in the art for the delivery of biologically active agents toanimals, in particular, mammals. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriersare formulated according to a number of factors well within the purviewof those of ordinary skill in the art. These include without limitationthe type and nature of the active agent being formulated; the subject towhich the agent-containing composition is to be administered; theintended route of administration of the composition; and, thetherapeutic indication being targeted. Pharmaceutically acceptablecarriers include both aqueous and non-aqueous liquid media, as well as avariety of solid and semi-solid dosage forms. Such carriers can includea number of different ingredients and additives in addition to theactive agent, such additional ingredients being included in theformulation for a variety of reasons, e.g., stabilization of the activeagent, binders, etc., well known to those of ordinary skill in the art.Descriptions of suitable pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, andfactors involved in their selection, are found in a variety of readilyavailable sources such as, for example, Remington's PharmaceuticalSciences, 17th Edition (1985), which is incorporated herein by referencein its entirety.

The compounds of Formula (I) may be administered by any means suitablefor the condition to be treated, which may depend on the need forsite-specific treatment or quantity of drug to be delivered. Topicaladministration is generally preferred for skin-related diseases, andsystematic treatment preferred for cancerous or pre-cancerousconditions, although other modes of delivery are contemplated. Forexample, the compounds may be delivered orally, such as in the form oftablets, capsules, granules, powders, or liquid formulations includingsyrups; topically, such as in the form of solutions, suspensions, gelsor ointments; sublingually; bucally; parenterally, such as bysubcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular or intrasternal injection orinfusion techniques (e.g., as sterile injectable aq. or non-aq.solutions or suspensions); nasally such as by inhalation spray;topically, such as in the form of a cream or ointment; rectally such asin the form of suppositories; or liposomally. Dosage unit formulationscontaining non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable vehicles or diluentsmay be administered. The compounds may be administered in a formsuitable for immediate release or extended release. Immediate release orextended release may be achieved with suitable pharmaceuticalcompositions or, particularly in the case of extended release, withdevices such as subcutaneous implants or osmotic pumps.

Exemplary compositions for topical administration include a topicalcarrier such as PLASTIBASE® (mineral oil gelled with polyethylene).

Exemplary compositions for oral administration include suspensions whichmay contain, for example, microcrystalline cellulose for imparting bulk,alginic acid or sodium alginate as a suspending agent, methylcelluloseas a viscosity enhancer, and sweeteners or flavoring agents such asthose known in the art; and immediate release tablets which may contain,for example, microcrystalline cellulose, dicalcium phosphate, starch,magnesium stearate and/or lactose and/or other excipients, binders,extenders, disintegrants, diluents and lubricants such as those known inthe art. The inventive compounds may also be orally delivered bysublingual and/or buccal administration, e.g., with molded, compressed,or freeze-dried tablets. Exemplary compositions may includefast-dissolving diluents such as mannitol, lactose, sucrose, and/orcyclodextrins. Also included in such formulations may be high molecularweight excipients such as celluloses (AVICEL®) or polyethylene glycols(PEG); an excipient to aid mucosal adhesion such as hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), sodiumcarboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC), and/or maleic anhydride copolymer (e.g.,GANTREZ®); and agents to control release such as polyacrylic copolymer(e.g., CARBOPOL 934®). Lubricants, glidants, flavors, coloring agentsand stabilizers may also be added for ease of fabrication and use.

Exemplary compositions for nasal aerosol or inhalation administrationinclude solutions which may contain, for example, benzyl alcohol orother suitable preservatives, absorption promoters to enhance absorptionand/or bioavailability, and/or other solubilizing or dispersing agentssuch as those known in the art.

Exemplary compositions for parenteral administration include injectablesolutions or suspensions which may contain, for example, suitablenon-toxic, parenterally acceptable diluents or solvents, such asmannitol, 1,3-butanediol, water, Ringer's solution, an isotonic sodiumchloride solution, or other suitable dispersing or wetting andsuspending agents, including synthetic mono- or diglycerides, and fattyacids, including oleic acid.

Exemplary compositions for rectal administration include suppositorieswhich may contain, for example, suitable non-irritating excipients, suchas cocoa butter, synthetic glyceride esters or polyethylene glycols,which are solid at ordinary temperatures but liquefy and/or dissolve inthe rectal cavity to release the drug.

The therapeutically-effective amount of a compound of the presentinvention may be determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, andincludes exemplary dosage amounts for a mammal of from about 0.05 to1000 mg/kg; 1-1000 mg/kg; 1-50 mg/kg; 5-250 mg/kg; 250-1000 mg/kg ofbody weight of active compound per day, which may be administered in asingle dose or in the form of individual divided doses, such as from 1to 4 times per day. It will be understood that the specific dose leveland frequency of dosage for any particular subject may be varied andwill depend upon a variety of factors, including the activity of thespecific compound employed, the metabolic stability and length of actionof that compound, the species, age, body weight, general health, sex anddiet of the subject, the mode and time of administration, rate ofexcretion, drug combination, and severity of the particular condition.Preferred subjects for treatment include animals, most preferablymammalian species such as humans, and domestic animals such as dogs,cats, horses, and the like. Thus, when the term “patient” is usedherein, this term is intended to include all subjects, most preferablymammalian species that are affected by mediation of IRAK-4 enzymelevels.

Biological Assays IRAK4 Inhibition Assay

The assays were performed in U-bottom 384-well plates. The final assayvolume was 30 μL prepared from 15 μL additions of enzyme and substrates(fluoresceinated peptide and ATP) and test compounds in assay buffer (20mM HEPES pH 7.2, 10 mM MgCl₂. 0.015% Brij 35 and 4 mM DTT). The reactionwas initiated by the combination of IRAK4 with substrates and testcompounds. The reaction mixture was incubated at room temperature for 60min. and terminated by adding 45 μL of 35 mM EDTA to each sample. Thereaction mixture was analyzed on the Caliper LABCHIP® 3000 (Caliper,Hopkinton, Mass.) by electrophoretic separation of the fluorescentsubstrate and phosphorylated product. Inhibition data were calculated bycomparison to no enzyme control reactions for 100% inhibition andvehicle-only reactions for 0% inhibition. The final concentrations ofreagents in the assays are ATP, 500 μM; FL-IPTSPITITYFFFKKK peptide 1.5μM; IRAK4, 0.6 nM; and DMSO, 1.6%.

PBMC TLR2 Induced IL-6 Assay

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from humanblood containing the anti-coagulant EDTA (2.5 mM) by centrifugation overa FICOLL® gradient. PBMCs (250000 cells/well) were cultured in assaymedia (RPMI with 10% heat inactivated FCS) with compounds for 30 minutesat 37° C. in a 5% CO₂ incubator. Following pretreatment with compounds,cells were stimulated for 5 hours with 10 μg/ml lipoteichoic acid(Invivogen, San Diego, Calif.), a TLR2 agonist. At the end of theculture, plates were centrifuged at 1800 rpm for 10 minutes to pelletthe cells. Supernatants were harvested and analyzed for IL-6 levels byELISA (BD Biosciences, San Jose, Calif.).

The table below lists the IRAK4 IC₅₀ values and Cell IC₅₀ or EC₅₀ valuesfor the following examples of this invention measured in the IRAK4Inhibition Assay and the PBMC TLR2 Induced IL-6 assay. The compounds ofthe present invention, as exemplified by the following examples, showedIRAK IC₅₀ inhibition values of less than 0.06 μM.

IRAK4 Inhibition Data Example No. IRAK4 IC₅₀ (μM) Cell IC₅₀ (or *EC₅₀)(μM) 1 0.0539 0.550 2 0.0020 0.453 3 0.0148 0.789 4 0.0103 0.454 50.0056 0.588 6 0.0055 0.648 7 0.0104 0.800 8 0.0307 0.433 9 0.0074 0.11610 0.0142 0.593 11 0.0111 0.320 12 0.0019 0.050 13 0.0021 0.420 140.0018 0.043 15 0.0052 0.245 16 0.0063 0.212 17 0.0096 0.382 18 0.00340.137 19 0.0048 0.378 20 0.0117 0.647 21 0.0133 0.331 22 0.0053 0.342 230.0233 0.032 24 0.0110 0.312 25 0.0099 0.372 26 0.0048 0.139 27 0.00600.133 28 0.0015 0.270 29 0.0012 0.111 30 0.0094 0.163* 31 0.0046 0.170*32 0.0125 0.199* 33 0.0100 0.149* 34 0.0061 0.122* 35 0.0126 0.350* 360.0033 0.049* 37 0.0040 0.095* 38 0.0045 0.453* 39 0.0038 0.100* 400.0064 0.161* 41 0.0199 0.160* 42 0.0147 0.329* 43 0.0107 0.169* 440.0078 0.393* 45 0.0075 0.712 46 0.0169 0.206* 47 0.0019 0.069 48 0.00930.369 49 0.0031 0.164 50 0.0094 0.085 51 0.0046 0.099 52 0.0069 0.074 530.0081 0.517* 54 0.0059 0.126 55 0.0050 0.027 56 0.0050 0.041 57 0.00180.068* 58 0.0104 0.191 59 0.0074 0.060 60 0.0067 0.052 61 0.0084 0.18462 0.0017 0.052* 63 0.0038 0.092* 64 0.0031 0.448 65 0.0029 0.156* 660.0038 0.063* 67 0.0072 0.457* 68 0.0027 0.165 69 0.0018 0.619 70 0.00320.091* 71 0.0028 0.394* 72 0.0104 0.246* 73 0.0015 0.132* 74 0.00270.084* 75 0.0014 0.054* 76 0.0064 0.107* 77 0.0078 0.216* 78 0.00370.064* 79 0.0030 0.494* 80 0.0070 0.335* 81 0.0071 0.096* 82 0.00300.105* 83 0.0073 0.771* 84 0.0015 0.138* 85 0.0036 0.062* 86 0.00480.349* 87 0.0035 0.197* 88 0.0054 0.266* 89 0.0145 0.491* 90 0.00350.243* 91 0.0043 0.178* 92 0.0127 0.269* 93 0.0175 0.394* 94 0.01210.391* 95 0.0071 0.501* 96 0.0112 1.550 97 0.0053 0.418 98 0.0075 0.69099 0.0042 0.475 100 0.0174 0.308* 101 0.0056 0.380* 102 0.0041 0.071*103 0.0053 0.195* 104 0.0086 0.199* 105 0.0055 0.336* 106 0.0168 0.433*107 0.0091 0.757* 108 0.0087 0.368* 109 0.0137 0.350* 110 0.0157 0.705*111 0.0118 0.653* 112 0.0110 0.087* 113 0.0170 0.558* 114 0.0023 0.056*115 0.0045 0.065* 116 0.0028 0.130* 117 0.0038 0.202* 118 0.0046 0.172*119 0.0105 0.736* 120 0.0126 0.379* 121 0.0066 0.049* 122 0.0033 0.056*123 0.0035 0.045* 124 0.0057 0.098* 125 0.0036 0.085* 126 0.0029 0.083*127 0.0153 0.254* 128 0.0046 0.224* 129 0.0159 0.398* 130 0.0040 0.089*131 0.0106 0.137* 132 0.0130 0.862* 133 0.0032 0.085* 134 0.0052 0.203*135 0.0060 0.129* 136 0.0033 0.063* 137 0.0041 0.072* 138 0.0035 0.108*139 0.0060 0.114* 140 0.0073 0.241* 141 0.0099 0.412* 142 0.0012 0.093*143 0.0029 0.126* 144 0.0078 0.393* 145 0.0043 0.275* 146 0.0085 0.509*147 0.0124 0.439* 148 0.0034 0.111* 149 0.0030 0.193* 150 0.0014 0.062*151 0.0033 0.187* 152 0.0053 0.260* 153 0.0056 0.439* 154 0.0052 0.529*155 0.0043 0.309* 156 0.0086 0.124* 157 0.0020 0.071* 158 0.0023 0.102*159 0.0058 0.130* 160 0.0098 0.846* 161 0.0155 0.303* 162 0.0026 0.330*163 0.0102 0.459* 164 0.0080 0.174* 165 0.0113 0.279* 166 0.0082 0.202*167 0.0130 0.638* 168 0.0061 0.122*

Methods of Preparation

The compounds of the present invention can be prepared in a number ofways well known to one skilled in the art of organic synthesis. Thecompounds of the present invention can be synthesized using the methodsdescribed below, together with synthetic methods known in the art ofsynthetic organic chemistry, or variations thereon as appreciated bythose skilled in the art. Preferred methods include, but are not limitedto, those described below. All references cited herein are herebyincorporated in their entirety herein by reference.

The reactions and techniques described in this section are performed insolvents appropriate to the reagents and materials employed and aresuitable for the transformations being effected. Also, in thedescription of the synthetic methods described below, it is to beunderstood that all proposed reaction conditions, including choice ofsolvent, reaction atmosphere, reaction temperature, duration of theexperiment and work up procedures, are chosen to be the conditionsstandard for that reaction, which should be readily recognized by oneskilled in the art. It is understood by one skilled in the art oforganic synthesis that the functionality present on various portions ofthe molecule must be compatible with the reagents and reactionsproposed. Such restrictions to the substituents that are compatible withthe reaction conditions will be readily apparent to one skilled in theart and alternate methods must then be used. This will sometimes requirea judgment to modify the order of the synthetic steps or to select oneparticular process scheme over another in order to obtain a desiredcompound of the invention. It will also be recognized that another majorconsideration in the planning of any synthetic route in this field isthe judicious choice of the protecting group used for protection of thereactive functional groups present in the compounds described in thisinvention. An authoritative account describing the many alternatives tothe trained practitioner is Greene et al. (Protective Groups in OrganicSynthesis, Third Edition, Wiley and Sons (1999)).

Compounds of the general Formula (I) can be prepared according to themethod outlined in Scheme 1. Hydrolysis of ester (1) to the acid 1.1followed by reaction with an amine using standard amide bond formingconditions can afford the dichloro amide 1.2. Selective displacement ofthe C4 chloride by reacting with an amine can afford the mono-chloroproduct 1.3. Reaction of 1.3 with an appropriate nucleophile, such as anamine, in the presence of a catalyst, such as palladium, can affordcompounds of the general formula I.

Alternatively, the order of reactions can be modified to change theoverall synthesis in order to allow for variations at differentpositions of the molecule at different stages of the preparation. Forexample, in Scheme 2, the chloride 1 may be reacted with an amine firstto form the mono-chlorinated ester 2.1. Subsequent reaction with anotheramine, either in the presence of a metal catalyst or thermally in thepresence of acid, may form the disubstituted intermediate 2.2.Hydrolysis of the ester to acid 2.3 followed by amide bond formation canafford the final analog 2.4.

An additional variation on the order of substitution is shown in Scheme3. First, reacting the dichloride with an amine may afford compound 3.1.Hydrolysis of the ester with a base, such as NaOH or KOH, may afford theacid 3.2. This acid may be reacted with an amine using standard amidebond forming reaction conditions, such as HOBt, EDC and DIPEA, in anappropriate solvent to form the amide 3.3, similar to amide 1.3 inScheme 1. Subsequent aryl amine or heteroaryl amine coupling in thepresence of a metal catalyst such as palladium, may afford the finalcompound 3.4.

Another variation involves the synthesis of a differentially halogenatedpyridine core to allow for variation of the HNR³R⁴ substituent at thelast stage of the synthesis. 6-Bromo-4-choronicotinic acid may bereacted with a halogenating reagent, such as oxalyl chloride, to affordthe acid chloride 4.1. This may be further reacted with an amine in thepresence of a base, such as DIPEA or TEA, in an appropriate solvent,such as DCM, to afford the amide 4.2. Amide 4.2 may be reacted withanother amine in the presence of a base, such as Cs₂CO₃ or K₂CO₃ and ametal catalyst, such as Pd, in a solvent to afford compound 4.3.Finally, compound 4.3 may be reacted with an amine in the presence of abase at elevated temperature to afford compound 4.4.

It should be also noted, and obvious to those skilled in the art, thatsynthetic manipulations of the incorporated R¹, R², R³, R⁴, and R⁵groups is possible. An illustrative example is shown in Scheme 5. Thebutyl ester incorporated in compound 5.1 may be converted to the acid5.2 upon treatment with an acid, such as TFA, in an appropriate solvent,such as DCM. Further reaction of 5.2 with an amine in the presence ofamide bond forming reagents may afford compounds such as 5.3. It shouldbe obvious to those skilled in the art that other functionalities than acarboxylate may be present for subsequent functionalization. Forexample, nitro groups can be converted readily to amines andsubsequently functionalized, and halogens can be readily converted toaryl amines or nitriles.

Another variation on the chemistry in Scheme 5 is outlined in Scheme 6.Alkyl groups may be functionalized, as in the alcohol 6.1, thensubsequently transformed via standard chemical manipulations tocompounds such as the fluoro analog 6.2. Subsequent conversion of theester to the acid then amide and amine coupling at the remainingpyridine chloride may afford analogs such as 6.3. It should be obviousto one skilled in the art that these transformations are not limited tothe example shown and can be applied to a variety of chemical substratesto afford the desired compounds.

Additionally, variations to the R¹ group can be made viafunctionalization after incorporating onto the pyridine scaffold. Forexample, in Scheme 7, an appropriately protected amine is coupled to thepyridine acid via standard amide bond forming conditions to form 7.2.Compound 7.2 may be deprotected to reveal the amine 7.3 which can bereacted with a variety of reagents (acids, acid chlorides, sulfonylchlorides, isocyanates, aldehydes, etc.) to form compounds of thegeneral formula 7.4.

Similarly, a substituted amino ester may be coupled to the pyridine acidcore to furnish the ester 8.1 which may be saponified to the acid 8.2.Subsequent reaction with amines under amide bond forming reactionconditions may form the compounds 8.3.

Substitution at either R² or R⁵ may be accomplished via the methodsoutlined in Scheme 9. Preparation of an appropriately functionalizedprecursor, such as compound 9.1, and reaction with a variety ofreagents, such as amines, aryl cross coupling partners, and cyanide mayform compounds of the formula 9.2. For example, compound 9.3 may beconverted to compound 9.4 via reaction with an amine at elevatedtemperature.

EXAMPLES

Preparation of compounds of Formula (I), and intermediates used in thepreparation of compounds of Formula (I), can be prepared usingprocedures shown in the following Examples and related procedures. Themethods and conditions used in these examples, and the actual compoundsprepared in these Examples, are not meant to be limiting, but are meantto demonstrate how the compounds of Formula (I) can be prepared.Starting materials and reagents used in these examples, when notprepared by a procedure described herein, are generally eithercommercially available, or are reported in the chemical literature, ormay be prepared by using procedures described in the chemicalliterature.

In the Examples given, the phrase “dried and concentrated” generallyrefers to drying of a solution in an organic solvent over either sodiumsulfate or magnesium sulfate, followed by filtration and removal of thesolvent from the filtrate (generally under reduced pressure and at atemperature suitable to the stability of the material being prepared).Column chromatography was performed with pre-packed silica gelcartridges using an Isco medium pressure chromatography apparatus(Teledyne Corporation), eluting with the solvent or solvent mixtureindicated. Preparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) wasperformed using a reverse phase column (Waters SunFire Cis, WatersXBridge Cis, PHENOMENEX® Axia C₁₈, YMC S5 ODS or the like) of a sizeappropriate to the quantity of material being separated, generallyeluting with a gradient of increasing concentration of methanol oracetonitrile in water, also containing 0.05% or 0.1% trifluoroaceticacid or 10 mM ammonium acetate, at a rate of elution suitable to thecolumn size and separation to be achieved. Chemical names weredetermined using ChemDraw Ultra, version 9.0.5 (CambridgeSoft). Thefollowing abbreviations are used:

ACN=acetonitrilebrine=saturated aqueous sodium chlorideDAST=(diethylamino)sulfur trifluorideDCM=dichloromethaneDEA=diethylamine

DIPEA=N,N-diisopropylethylamine DMF=N,N-dimethylformamide

DMSO=dimethyl sulfoxideEDC=N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochlorideEtOAc=ethyl acetateHATU═O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluroniumhexafluorophosphateHOBT=1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate

LCMS=Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy

MeOH=methanolMTBE=methyl t-butyl etherNaHCO₃ (aq)=saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonaten-BuLi=n-butyl lithiumNH₄OAc=ammonium acetatePd₂(dba)₃=tris-(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladiumrt=ambient room temperature (generally about 20-25° C.)TBAF=tetrabutylammonium fluorideTEA=triethylamineTFA=trifluoroacetic acidTHF=tetrahydrofuran

HPLC Conditions:

A: XBridge Phenyl (150×4.6 mm), 3.5μ; Solvent A=5% ACN: 95% H₂O: 0.05%TFA pH=2.5; Solvent B=95% ACN: 5% H₂O: 0.05% TFA pH=2.5; gradient 0-100%B over 15 min; Flow rate: 1.0 μl/min.

B: SunFire C18 (150×4.6 mm), 3.5μ; Solvent A=5% ACN: 95% H₂O: 0.05% TFApH=2.5; Solvent B=95% ACN: 5% H₂O: 0.05% TFA pH=2.5; gradient 0-100% Bover 30 min.

C: Eclipse XDB C18 (150×4.6 mm) 5μ; Solvent A=20 mM NH₄OAc in water;Solvent B=ACN; gradient 0-100% B over 20 min; Flow rate=1.0 mL/min.

D: ZORBAX® SB C18, 4.6×50 mm, 5 μm; Solvent A=10% MeOH: 90% H₂O: 0.1%TFA; Solvent B=90% MeOH: 10% H₂O: 0.1% TFA; gradient 0-100% B over 2min.

E: SunFire C18 (150×4.6 mm), 3.5μ; Solvent A=5% ACN: 95% H₂O: 0.05% TFApH=2.5; Solvent B=95% ACN: 5% H₂O: 0.05% TFA pH=2.5; gradient 0-100% Bover 15 min.

F: Ascentis Express C18 (4.6×50) mm, 2.7 μm; Solvent A=5% ACN: 95%water: 10 mM NH₄OAc; Solvent B=95% ACN: 5% water: 10 mM NH₄OAc.gradient0-100% B over 4 min; Flow rate=4 mL/min. Column temp=45° C.

G: BEH C18 (2.1×50) mm, 1.7 μm; Solvent A=5% ACN: 95% water: 10 mMNH₄OAc; Solvent B=95% ACN: 5% water: 10 mM NH₄OAc.gradient 0-100% B over4 min; Flow rate=1.1 mL/min. Column temp=45° C.

H: CHIRALCEL@—OJ-H (250×4.6×5.0p), CO₂-3.og (70%), co-solvent-30% (0.5%DEA in methanol).

I: Chiral-OD-H (250×4.6) mm 5μ Mobile Phase A: 0.2 DEA in n-hexane(85);Mobile Phase B: Ethanol(15); Flow: 1.0 ml/min.

J: XBridge Phenyl (4.6×150 mm) 3.5p Mobile Phase A: 10 mM NH₄HCO₃ pH 9.5adjusted using dil. NH₃; Mobile Phase B: Methanol; Flow rate: 1 ml/min.

K: SunFire C18 (4.6×150) mm, 3.5 μp Mobile Phase A: 0.05% TFA inwater:acetonitrile: 95:05; Mobile Phase B: Acetonitrile: 0.05% TFA inwater: 95:05 flow: 1 m\min time B % gradient 0-100% B over 18 min.

L: XBridge (150×4.6 mm) 3.5μ SC/749 Buffer: 0.05% TFA in Water pH 2.5Mobile Phase A: Buffer: Acetonitrile (95:5) Mobile Phase B:Acetonitrile:Buffer (95:5); Flow: 1.0 ml\min % B 100 time (min) 15.

M: SunFire C18 (150×4.6 mm) 3.5μ, Buffer: 0.05% TFA in water pH adjustedwith 2.5 using Dil. Ammonia Solvent A: Buffer:Acetonitrile (95:5),Solvent B: Acetonitrile:Buffer (95:5).

N: CHIRALPAK®-1A (250×4.6 mm) 5 CO₂-3.og (70%),co-solvent-30% MobilePhase A: 0.5% DEA in methanol.

O: Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18, 2.1×50 mm: Mobile Phase A: 5:95acetonitrile:water with 0.05% TFA; Mobile Phase B: 95:5acetonitrile:water with 0.05% TFA; Gradient: 0-100% B over 3 minutes,then a 0.75-minute hold at 100% B; Flow: 1.11 mL/min.

Example 16-((5-Cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-4-(((1S,2S)-2,3-dihydroxy-1-phenylpropyl)amino)-N-methylnicotinamide

Step 1: Synthesis of 4,6-dichloronicotinic acid

Ethyl 4,6-dichloronicotinate in ethanol (20 mL) and water (10 mL) wasstirred at ambient temperature. Lithium hydroxide was added to thereaction mixture and stirred at room temperature for 4 h. The solventwas concentrated under reduced pressure, diluted with EtOAc and addedwater. The aqueous layer was collected and acidified to pH 3-4 usingcitric acid. The mixture was allowed to stir for 10 min in an ice baththe precipitated product was filtered and dried under vacuum to furnishcompound.

Step 2: Synthesis of 4,6-dichloro-N-methylnicotinamide

To a stirred solution of 4,6-dichloronicotinic acid (2) (10 g, 1 equiv.)in DCM (100 mL), DMF (catalytic amt.) was added at 0° C. Oxalyl chloride(14 mL, 3 equiv.) was added to the reaction mixture. The reactionmixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature and stirred for 30min and was then heated at reflux for 2 h. The reaction mixture wasconcentrated to remove excess of oxalyl chloride and redissolved in DCM(50 mL) and cooled to −20° C. Methyl amine was added in portions to thereaction mixture and stirred at room temperature for 3 h. The reactionwas quenched with water followed by NaHCO₃ solution. The layers wereseparated and the organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate,filtered and concentrated to obtain the desired compound,6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide. LC/MS: ZORBAX® SB C18, 4.6×50mm, 5 □μm; Solvent A=10% MeOH: 90% H₂O: 0.1% TFA; Solvent B=90% MeOH:10% H₂O: 0.1% TFA; gradient 0-100% B over 2 min (3 min run time);retention time: 0.874 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 205 (M+H).

Step 3: Synthesis of ((2S,3S)-3-phenyloxiran-2-yl)methanol

(−)-DIPT (0.524 g, 0.075 equiv.) was dissolved in DCM (250 mL) andcooled to −30° C. Molecular sieves (1.6 g), titanium (IV) isopropoxide(0.437 mL, 0.05 equiv.) and t-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP in decane) (5.78mL, 2 equiv.) were added sequentially. The mixture was allowed to stirfor 1 h. (E)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ol (4 g, 1 equiv.) in DCM (10 mL) wasadded to the reaction mixture and stirred for 3 h at −30° C. Thereaction was quenched with 8 mL of 10% aqueous NaOH solution followed bybrine solution. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to 10° C. andstirred for 10 min at 10° C. Anhydrous sodium sulfate (2 g) and CELITE®(2 g) were added to the reaction mixture and stirred for another 50 min.The reaction mixture was then filtered through a pad of CELITE®. Theresidue was washed with ether and the filtrate was concentrated. Thecrude product was purified by flash column chromatography using ethylacetate: pet.ether as eluent to afford((2S,3S)-3-phenyloxiran-2-yl)methanol. ¹H NMR: 400 MHz, CDCl₃: δ1.19-1.29 (m, 1H), 4.33 (t, J=4.80 Hz, 2H), 6.34-6.41 (m, 1H), 6.61-6.65(m, 1H), 7.23-7.27 (m, 1H), 7.30-7.38 (m, 4H).

Step 4: Synthesis of (2R, 3R)-3-amino-3-phenylpropane-1,2-diol

To a solution of ((2S,3S)-3-phenyloxiran-2-yl)methanol (0.5 g, 1 equiv.)in 2-propanol (5 mL) was added aqueous NH₄OH (10 mL). The reactionmixture was heated at 84° C. for 12 h. The reaction mixture wasconcentrated and the crude material was azeotroped with toluene (3×30mL) to afford (2R,3R)-3-amino-3-phenylpropane-1,2-diol. The compound wastaken to next step without purification.

Step 5

A mixture of 4,6-dichloro-N-methylnicotinamide (410 mg, 2 mmol),(2S,3S)-3-amino-3-phenylpropane-1,2-diol (502 mg, 3 mmol) and DIPEA (419μL, 2.4 mmol) in DMA (2 mL) was stirred at 110° C. for 6 h. The vesselwas allowed to cool to room temperature and the reaction mixture wasseparated between ethyl acetate and pH 4 solution. The organic portionwas washed with pH 4 solution (2×) and the combined aqueous portionswere extracted with ethyl acetate (2×). The combined organics werewashed with 10% lithium chloride solution and brine, dried over sodiumsulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford6-chloro-4-((1S,2S)-2,3-dihydroxy-1-phenylpropylamino)-N-methylnicotinamidewhich was used without further purification.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD) δ ppm 8.23 (1H, s), 7.40-7.47 (2H, m), 7.33-7.40(2H, m), 7.26-7.33 (1H, m), 6.46 (1H, s), 4.72 (1H, d, J=4.18 Hz),3.89-4.14 (1H, m), 3.44 (2H, d, J=5.72 Hz), 2.92 (3H, s).

Step 6

A mixture of6-chloro-4-((1S,2S)-2,3-dihydroxy-1-phenylpropylamino)-N-methylnicotinamide(20 mg, 0.060 mmol), CuI (5.67 mg, 0.030 mmol), Cs₂CO₃ (116 mg, 0.357mmol) and 6-aminonicotinonitrile (21.3 mg, 0.18 mmol) in a 1 dram vialwith NMP (500 μL) was sparged with argon for 5 minutes and Xantphos(6.89 mg, 0.012 mmol) and bis(dibenzylideneactone)palladium (7 mg, 0.012mmol) were added then argon was filled into the vial. The vessel washeated at 140° C. for 3 hour after which LCMS indicated reactioncompletion. The contents were diluted in methanol and the desiredmaterial was isolated via preparatory HPLC (2.1 mg, 8% yield). LCMS:M+H=419.2; HPLC RT 5.65 min, Condition A; ¹H NMR (500 MHz, MeOD) δ ppm8.56 (s, 1H), 8.14 (s, 1H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 7.36 (d, J=7.21 Hz, 2H),7.24-7.32 (m, 2H), 7.11-7.24 (m, 1H), 6.96 (d, J=8.60 Hz, 1H), 6.07 (s,1H), 4.73-4.85 (m, 1H), 3.81-4.07 (m, 1H), 3.26-3.43 (m, 2H), 2.85 (s,3H).

Example 26-((5-Cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide

Step 1: Synthesis of ethyl 6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinate

To a solution of ethyl 4,6-dichloronicotinate (1 g, 1 equiv.) in DMA (5mL) was added DIPEA (3.97 mL, 5 equiv.) and propan-2-amine (0.5 g, 2equiv.). The mixture was heated at 50° C. for 12 h. The reaction mixturewas concentrated under reduced pressure to remove excess solvent. Theresidue was dissolved in ethyl acetate and washed water followed bybrine. The organic layer was collected, dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered andconcentrated to get the crude product. The product was purified by flashchromatography through silica gel (EtOAC: pet ether as eluent) to affordethyl 6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinate (0.4 g, 36% yield). LC/MS:Acquity BEH C18 2.1×50 mm, 1.8μ; Solvent A=0.1% TFA in water; SolventB=0.1% TFA in ACN; gradient 0-100% B over 2 min; retention time: 0.90min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 243.7 (M+H).

Step 2

To a solution of ethyl 6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinate (7 g, 28.8mmol) in EtOH (70 mL) was added water (30 mL) and LiOH (2.1 g, 87 mmol).The mixture was stirred for 3 h, concentrated and acidified with 1.5 NHCl. The resultant solids were collected and dried to afford6-chloro-4-)isopropylamino)nicotic acid (5.3 g, 85% yield) as a whitesolid. LCMS: M+H=215.3; ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 13.32 (br s, 1H),8.51 (s, 1H), 8.19 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 6.79 (s, 1H), 2.50 (m, 1H), 1.20(s, 3H), 1.18 (s, 3H).

Step 3

To a stirred solution of 6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinic acid (2.9g, 13.51 mmol) in DMF was added (R)-4-amino-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol(1.637 g, 13.51 mmol), HATU (6.16 g, 16.21 mmol), DIPEA (9.44 mL, 54.0mmol) successively and continued stirring for 18 h. The reaction mixturewas diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water (3×). The organiclayer was dried over Na₂SO₄, concentrated in vacuo to provide the crudecompound which was purified via column chromatography (10-40% ethylacetate/pet ether) to afford(R)-6-chloro-N-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(2.8 g, 65% yield) as off-white solid. LCMS: 318.1 (M+H): ¹H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.75 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 8.44 (br d, J=10.4 Hz, 1H), 8.38(s, 1H), 6.71 (s, 1H), 4.24 (m, 1H), 3.64 (m 2H), 3.42 (m, 1H), 1.16 (m,12H).

Step 4

(R)-6-Chloro-N-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(150 mg, 0.472 mmol) was taken in a sealed tube along with Xantphos (137mg, 0.236 mmol), 6-aminonicotinonitrile (56.2 mg, 0.472 mmol) and Na₂CO₃(150 mg, 1.416 mmol) in dioxin (5 mL) and water (1 mL). The reactionmixture was degassed and Pd₂(dba)₃ (216 mg, 0.236 mmol) was added. Thereaction mixture was heated to 110° C. for 18 h. The reaction mixturewas diluted with ethyl acetate and passed through a small plug ofCELITE® with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was washed withwater, dried and concentrated in vacuum. The crude was purified using10% methanol in chloroform using combiflash (24 g column) followed byfinal purification by preparative HPLC to afford(R)-6-((5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-N-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(42 mg, 21% yield). LCMS: 318.1 (M+H): ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) 10.24(s, 1H), 8.66 (s, 1H), 8.54 (t, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 8.43 (s, 1H), 8.39 (d,J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 8.04 (dd, J=8.8, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.84 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H),4.83 (s, 1H), 4.26-4.44 (m, 1H), 3.57-3.75 (m, 2H), 3.40 (M, 1H), 1.23(s, 3H), 1.22 (s, 3H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 1.16 (s, 3H).

The Examples in the table below were prepared in an analogous fashion toExample 1 and 2, substituting where appropriate, alternate amines in thesynthetic sequence.

TABLE 1 Ex. HPLC rt HPLC LCMS No. Structure (min) cond. (M + H)⁺ 3

6.68 A 441.2 4

5.08 M 387.2 5

1.38 G 434.1 6

1.48 B 462.2 7

1.49 B 480.2 8

1.40 G 422.1 9

1.35 G 436.3 10

1.41 G 448.3 11

1.17 G 496.36-((5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino)nicotinamide(3);6-((5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-4-(ethylamino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)nicotinamide(4);6-((5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)-N-(trans-4-(methylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl)nicotinamide(5);6-((5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-N-((1R,4R)-4-(cyclopropylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(6);6-((5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-N-(trans-4-(((1S,2R)-2-fluorocyclopropyl)carbamoyl)cyclohexyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(7);N-(1-acetyl-4-piperidinyl)-6-((5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(8);N-(trans-4-acetamidocyclohexyl)-6-((5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(9);6-((5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-4-(cyclobutylamino)-N-(trans-4-(methylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl)nicotinamide(10);N-((1R,4R)-4-acetamidocyclohexyl)-6-((5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-(((3S,4R)-3-fluorotetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)nicotinamide (11).

Example 126-((3-Chloro-5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide

(R)-6-Chloro-N-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(25 mg, 0.08 mmol) was taken in dioxane (2.5 mL) and to this6-amino-5-chloronicotinonitrile (24.16 mg, 0.16 mmol) was added alongwith Xantphos (23 mg, 0.039 mmol), Na₂CO₃ (25 mg, 0.24 mmol) and water(0.5 mL). The reaction mixture was degassed for 10 min then addedPd(Ph₃P)₄ (45.5 mg, 0.039 mmol) was added and further degassed 5 min.The reaction mixture was then heated at 100° C. for 20 minutes then at140° C. for 20 minutes. Purification via preparative HPLC afforded(R)-6-((3-chloro-5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-N-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(2 mg, 5% yield). LCMS: 435.2 (M+H): ¹H NMR (500 MHz, 1:1 MeOD:CDCl₃) δ8.76 (s, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.28 (s, 1H), 8.02 (s, 1H), 4.45 (ddd, J=10,50 Hz, 1H), 3.87 (m, 2H), 3.44 (m, 1H), 1.33 (s, 3H), 1.32 (s, 3H), 1.29(s, 6H).

The Examples in the table below were prepared in an analogous fashion toExample 12, substituting where appropriate, alternate amines in thesynthetic sequence.

TABLE 2 Ex. HPLC rt HPLC LCMS No. Structure (min) cond. (M + H)⁺ 13

9.62 K 476.6 (M+) 14

1.60 G 470.2 15

1.59 G 470.2 16

1.57 G 470.2 17

1.78 G 419.2 18

1.47 G 454.2 19

1.43 G 454.06-((3-chloro-5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ylamino)nicotinamide(13);6-((3-chloro-5-cyano-2-pyridinyl)amino)-4-(cyclopropylamino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)nicotinamide(14);N-((1r,4r)-4-acetamidocyclohexyl)-6-((3-chloro-5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(15);6-((3-chloro-5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)-N-((1R,4R)-4-(methylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl)nicotinamide(16);6-((5-cyano-3-fluoro-2-pyridinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(17);6-((5-cyano-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)-N-((1R,4R)-4-(methylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl)nicotinamide(18);N-(trans-4-acetamidocyclohexyl)-6-((5-cyano-3-fluoro-2-pyridinyl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(19).

Example 20N-((2R)-2-Fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)-6-(4-pyrimidinylamino)nicotinamide

Example 20 was prepared according to the general procedure described forExample 2. HPLC RT 9.54 min, Conditions A. LCMS 377.3 (M+H).

Example 214-(Cyclopropylamino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-6-(4-pyrimidinylamino)nicotinamide

Example 21 was prepared according to the general procedure described forExample 2. HPLC RT 4.32 min, Conditions E. LCMS 375.2 (M+H).

Example 226-((5-Cyano-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide

Step 1: Synthesis of ethyl 6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinate

To a solution of ethyl 4,6-dichloronicotinate (10 g, 45 mmol) in DMA (40mL) was added propan-2-amine (5.3 g, 91 mmol) and DIPEA (31.7 mL, 182mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 48 h.The reaction mixture was diluted with MTBE and washed water (3×). Theorganic layer was dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated to affordthe crude product. The product was purified by flash chromatographythrough silica gel (10% EtOAc:pet ether as eluent) to afford ethyl6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinate (8.3 g, 75% yield) as acrystalline solid. LCMS m/z 243.7 (M+H); ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ8.54 (s, 1H), 7.98 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 6.85 (s, 1H), 4.29 (q, J=7.2 Hz,2H), 3.86 (m, 1H), 1.32 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.20 (s, 3H), 1.19 (s, 3H).

Step 2

Ethyl 6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinate (7 g, 28.8 mmol) wassynthesized according to the procedure in Example 2, step 2.

Step 3

6-Chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinic acid (2.9 g, 13.51 mmol) wassynthesized according to the procedure in Example 2, step 3.

Step 4

In a 100 mL round bottom flask(R)-6-chloro-N-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(10 g, 31.5 mmol) and 2-aminopyrimidine-5-carbonitrile (4.54 g, 37.8mmol) were taken up in DMA (125 mL) and the suspension purged bybubbling nitrogen through the suspension. Pd₂(dba)₃ (0.360 g, 0.393mmol), Xantphos (0.455 g, 0.787 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (8.70 g, 62.9 mmol) wereeach added sequentially in one portion while the purging process wascontinued. After the addition, purging was continued for a further 5min, the needle was then removed from the solution (keeping the reactionunder nitrogen atmosphere) and the reaction flask was immersed directlyinto an oil bath pre-heated to 135° C. for 1 hr. The reaction flask wasremoved from the heating bath and the reaction mixture was allowed tocool to room temperature. The solvents were removed in vacuo and theresulting solids were purified via column chromatography (100% EtOActhen 10% MeOH/CH₂Cl₂). The product containing fractions were thencombined with two additional reaction runs (10 g and 5 g scale) andrefluxed in acetone for 2 h. The slurry was cooled, filtered and rinsedwith acetone to afford the pure product as a white solid after drying(18.5 g, 58% yield). LCMS m/z 402 (M+H)⁺; ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ10.54 (s, 1H), 8.99 (s, 2H), 8.57 (br s, 1H), 8.53-8.40 (m, 2H), 8.46(s, 1H), 4.81 (s, 1H), 4.36 (m, 1H), 3.84-3.59 (m, 2H), 3.46-3.25 (m,1H), 1.25 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 6H), 1.21-1.11 (m, 6H).

Preparation of6-((5-cyano-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamidehydrochloride

To a suspension of6-((5-cyano-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(100 mg, 0.249 mmol) in acetone (3 mL) was added HCl (1.2 equivalents,4N in dioxane). The solids went into solution and the salt began toprecipitate after a few minutes of stirring. Stirring was continued foran additional 20 minutes and the solids were filtered, collected anddried under high vacuum to afford6-((5-cyano-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamidehydrochloride (90 mg, 82% yield) as a white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d₆) δ 11.87 (br s, 1H), 9.22-9.04 (m, 4H), 8.48 (s, 1H), 6.97 (s,1H), 4.34 (m, 1H), 4.00-3.99 (m, 1H), 3.81-3.61 (m, 3H), 1.28 (d, J=6.4Hz, 6H), 1.16 (dd, J=−5.9, 1.3 Hz, 6H).

Phosphate Prodrug of6-((5-cyano-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide

Step 1

To a solution of (R)-4-amino-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol (10 g, 83 mmol)in DCM (100 mL) was added TEA (23.01 mL, 165 mmol) and followed by thedropwise addition of BOC₂O (21.08 mL, 91 mmol). The reaction was stirredat room temperature for 2 h. The reaction was partitioned between water(100 mL) and DCM (100 mL), and the organic layer was washed with water(2×50 mL), 1.5N HCl solution (2×25 mL) and brine (25 mL). The organiclayer was dried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated to provide (R)-tert-butyl(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)carbamate (16.2 g, 89% yield) as athick colorless oil. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ ppm 6.93 (t, J=5.27 Hz,1H), 4.68-4.73 (m, 1H), 4.06-4.24 (m, 1H), 3.35-3.43 (m, 1H), 2.99-3.12(m, 1H), 1.37-1.42 (m, 9H), 1.08-1.12 (m, 6H).

Step 2

To a solution of (R)-tert-butyl(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)carbamate (1.9 g, 8.59 mmol) in DCM(40 mL) was added dibenzyl diisopropylphosphoramidite (4.33 mL, 12.88mmol) followed by the addition of 1H-tetrazole (1.203 g, 17.17 mmol) atroom temperature. The resulting mixture was stirred for 1 h. Thereaction was cooled to 0° C. and H₂O₂ (1.422 mL, 17.17 mmol) was addedand the reaction allowed to stir for 1 h at room temperature. Thereaction was diluted with DCM (50 mL) and washed with saturated sodiummetabisulphate solution (30 mL), brine (20 mL). The organic layer wasdried over Na₂SO₄, concentrated and purified over silica gel eluting 10%EA in DCM to provide (R)-tert-butyl(3-((bis(benzyloxy)phosphoryl)oxy)-2-fluoro-3-methylbutyl)carbamate (2.5g, 61% yield) as colorless oil. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ ppm7.33-7.42 (m, 9H), 7.08 (t, J=5.52 Hz, 1H), 4.99-5.04 (m, 4H), 4.35-4.52(m, 1H), 3.35-3.44 (m, 1H), 3.05-3.15 (m, 1H), 1.35-1.51 (m, 15H); LCMS;(M+H) 482.0.

Step 3

To a stirred solution of (R)-tert-butyl(3-((bis(benzyloxy)phosphoryl)oxy)-2-fluoro-3-methylbutyl)carbamate (1.6g, 3.32 mmol) in DCM (3 mL) at 0° C. was added HCl (15 mL, 60.0 mmol, 4Min dioxane) and stirred for 30 min at 0° C. The reaction wasconcentrated in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in DCM. Aqueousammonia was added and the layers were separated and the organic layerwas dried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated to afford(R)-4-amino-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-yl dibenzyl phosphate (1.2 g, 3.15mmol, 95% yield) as colorless oil. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ ppm7.21-7.43 (m, 11H), 4.94-5.04 (m, 4H), 4.44-4.65 (m, 1H), 3.57-3.74 (m,2H), 3.44-3.54 (m, 1H), 2.66-3.04 (m, 2H), 1.39-1.52 (m, 6H); LCMS (M+H)382.2.

Step 4

To a solution of6-((5-cyanopyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinic acid (220mg, 0.738 mmol) and (R)-4-amino-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-yl dibenzylphosphate (366 mg, 0.959 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) was added DIPEA (0.386 mL,2.213 mmol) and HATU (561 mg, 1.475 mmol). The reaction was stirredovernight at room temperature. Water (6 mL) was added and the resultingsolids were stirred for 5 min then filtered. The solids were washed withhexane (10 mL) and ether (15 mL) and then dried. The material was useddirectly in the next step without further purification. Crude weight:190 mg, 30% yield. LCMS (M+H) 661.8.

Step 5

To a solution of (R)-dibenzyl(4-(6-((5-cyanopyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamido)-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-yl)phosphate(120 mg, 0.181 mmol) in 1,2-dichloroethane (4 mL) was added a solutionof TFA (2.79 mL, 36.3 mmol) in 10 mL of DCE and the resulting mixturewas stirred at 35° C. for 5 hrs. The reaction was concentrated undervacuum at 35° C. then co-distilled with toluene (two times) and CHCl₃(two times) and purified by prep HPLC to get(R)-4-(6-((5-cyanopyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamido)-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-yldihydrogen phosphate (30 mg, 34% yield) as a white solid. ¹H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ ppm 8.98 (s, 3H), 8.54-8.58 (m, 2H), 7.56 (s, 1H),4.50-4.66 (m, 1H), 3.51-3.72 (m, 5H), 1.45 (s, 3H), 1.37 (s, 3H), 1.24(d, J=6.02 Hz, 6H); LCMS (M+H) 482.2.

Example 234-(Cyclopropylamino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-6-((4-(3-pyridinyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)amino)nicotinamide

Step 1: Synthesis of 2-bromo-1-(pyridin-3-yl)ethanone

A solution of 1-(pyridin-3-yl)ethanone (4.2 g, 1 equiv.) in 33% HBr inCH₃COOH (37 mL) was heated at 70° C. for 5 min. Br₂ (1.8 mL, 1.1 equiv.)in 45% HBr (5 mL, 34.7 mmol) was added dropwise to the reaction mixtureat 70° C. and stirred for 3 h. The reaction mixture was gradually cooledto room temperature while the product precipitated. The product wasfiltered and recrystallized using MeOH-hexane (1:1) to obtain2-bromo-1-(pyridin-3-yl)ethanone (5.6 g, 81% yield). LC/MS: PUROSPHER®Star RP-18, 4×55 mm, 3 μm; Solvent A=10% ACN: 90% H₂O: 20 mM NH₄OAc;Solvent B=90% ACN: 10% H₂O: 20 mM NH₄COOAc; gradient 0-100% B over 1.5min (3.2 min run time); retention time: 1.13 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 202(M+H).

Step 2: Synthesis of 4-(pyridin-3-yl)thiazol-2-amine

To a solution of 2-bromo-1-(pyridin-3-yl)ethanone (2 g, 1 equiv.) inethanol (18.46 mL), thiourea (0.543 g, 0.7 equiv.) was added. Thereaction mixture was heated to reflux for 2 h. After completion of 2 h,the reaction mixture was cooled to 4° C. On cooling the productprecipitated out in dihydrobromide salt form. The material obtained wasfiltered and dried. 4-(pyridin-3-yl)thiazol-2-amine dihydrobromide saltwas dissolved in warm water (11 mL) and stirred for 5 min, to thisaqueous ammonium hydroxide solution (17 mL) was added and stirred. Thedesired product slowly precipitated (yellow solid) which was filteredand dried under vacuum to afford 4-(pyridin-3-yl)thiazol-2-amine 2 g,56% yield). LCMS m/z 178.01 (M+H); ¹H NMR 400 MHz, CD₃OD: δ 8.96 (d,J=0.80 Hz, 1H), 8.44 (dd, J=1.60, 4.80 Hz, 1H), 8.19-8.22 (m, 1H),7.43-7.47 (m, 1H), 7.05 (s, 1H).

Step 3

Example 23 was prepared according to the general procedure described forExample 2. HPLC RT 8.32 min, Conditions C. LCMS 457.2 (M+H).

Example 246-((2-(Cyclopropylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide

Step 1

To a solution of 2-chloropyrimidin-4-amine (0.5 g, 3.9 mmol) in NMP (5mL) was added cyclopropyl amine (1.1 g, 19.3 mmol) and the mixture wassealed and heated at 150° C. for 30 min. The mixture was concentratedand partitioned between EA and water. The layers were separated and theorganic layer was dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated. Theresidue was purified via column chromatography (5% MeOH/CHCl₃) to affordN2-cyclopropylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine (0.14 g, 23% yield) as a paleyellow oil. LCMS: 151.2 (M+H).

Step 2

Following the procedure outlined for Example 2,N2-cyclopropylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine was reacted with(R)-6-chloro-N-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamideto afford Example 24. LCMS m/z 432.2 (M+H); ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ8.29 (s, 1H), 8.00 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.10 (br s, 1H), 6.54 (d, J=5.6Hz, 1H), 4.52 (m, 1H), 3.83 (m, 2H), 3.44 (m, 1H), 2.78 (m, 1H), 1.29(m, 12H), 0.83 (m, 2H), 0.59 (m, 2H).

The Examples in the table below were prepared in an analogous fashion toExample 24, substituting where appropriate, alternate amines in thesynthetic sequence.

TABLE 3 HPLC rt HPLC LCMS Ex. No. Structure (min) cond. (M + H)+ 25

4.71 E 476.8 26

9.53 B 464.2N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)-6-((2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-ylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl)amino)nicotinamide(25);N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-6-((2-(3-fluoro-1-pyrrolidinyl)-4-pyrimidinyl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide.

Example 27 6-((5-Cyano-6-((3S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-pyridinyl)amino)-N-((2R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide

Step 1

6-Amino-2-chloronicotinonitrile (0.100 g, 0.651 mmol) was taken in asealed tube and dissolved in dioxane (3 mL) and NMP (0.2 mL). To thatwas added (R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (0.057 g, 0.651 mmol) and NMP (0.2 mL) andthe set up was heated at 150° C. for 18 h. The solvents were evaporatedfrom the reaction mixture and the crude was dissolved in water and madebasic by adding NaHCO₃ and was extracted with DCM (3×15 mL). Thecombined organic layer were dried and evaporated to get the product (80mg, 42% yield) which was directly in the next reaction. LCMS 205.2(M+H).

Step 2

Following the procedure outlined for Example 2,(R)-6-amino-2-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)nicotinonitrile was reacted with(R)-6-chloro-N-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamideto afford Example 27. LCMS m/z 486.2 (M+H); HPLC RT 6.80 min, ConditionsE.

Synthesis of methyl 2-(dibenzylamino)-3-hydroxypropanoate

To a solution of K₂CO₃ (34.8 g, 2 equiv.) in DMF (280 mL), was addedL-serine methyl ester hydrochloride (1 equiv.), potassium iodide (10.8g, 0.5 equiv.) and benzyl bromide (38 mL, 2.5 equiv.). The mixture wasstirred for 16 h at room temperature. The reaction mixture wasconcentrated under reduced pressure to remove excess of DMF and thendiluted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with brine and water.The organic layer was separated, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate,filtered and concentrated. The crude material was purified by columnchromatography through silica gel (EtOAC: pet ether as eluent) to affordmethyl 2-(dibenzylamino)-3-hydroxypropanoate. ¹H NMR: 400 MHz, DMSO-d₆:δ 2.49 (s, 1H), 3.58-3.59 (m, 1H), 3.67-3.70 (m, 2H), 3.73-3.75 (m, 2H),3.77-3.80 (m, 3H), 3.90-3.94 (m, 2H), 7.24-7.38 (m, 10H).

Synthesis of (R)-methyl 3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoropropanoate

To an ice cool solution of methyl 2-(dibenzylamino)-3-hydroxypropanoate(15 g, 1 equiv.) in THF (95 mL), DAST (13.1 mL, 1.23 equiv.) was addeddropwise under N₂-atmosphere and the reaction mixture was stirred for 14h at room temperature. The reaction mixture was quenched with aq. 10%NaHCO₃ solution at 0° C. and extracted into ethyl acetate (twice). Theorganic layers were collected, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate,filtered and concentrated. The crude product was purified by flashcolumn chromatography using silica gel and EtOAc:pet ether to afford(R)-methyl 3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoropropanoate. ¹H NMR: 400 MHz, CDCl₃:δ 2.93-3.11 (m, 2H), 3.51-3.55 (m, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.82-3.85 (m, 2H),4.98-5.13 (m, 1H), 7.22-7.34 (m, 10H).

Synthesis of (S)-3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoropropan-1-ol

To a stirred solution of LiBH₄ (34.5 mL, 1.4 equiv.) in THF (300 mL),(R)-methyl 3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoropropanoate (15 g, 1 equiv.), in THF(150 mL), was added dropwise under N₂-atm. The reaction mixture wasstirred for 16 h at room temperature. The reaction mixture was quenchedwith saturated solution of ammonium chloride at 0° C. and extracted intoethyl acetate (twice). The organic layers were collected together, driedover anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The crudeproduct was purified by flash column chromatography using silica gel andEtOAc:pet ether to afford (R)-3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoropropan-1-ol.

Synthesis of (R)-3-amino-2-fluoropropan-1-ol

To a degassed solution of (R)-3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoropropan-1-ol (2g, 1 equiv.) in ethanol (50 mL), 10% Pd/C (0.2 equiv.) and Pd(OH)₂ (0.2equiv.), were added and the reaction mixture was hydrogenated in anautoclave at 60° C. at 10 Kg (140 psi) pressure for 14 h. The reactionmixture was filtered through CELITE® and the filtrate was concentratedto afford (R)-3-amino-2-fluoropropan-1-ol.

Synthesis of (R)-ethyl 3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoropropanoate

Prepared according to the method as described for the synthesis of(R)-methyl 3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoropropanoate.

Synthesis of (R)-4-(dibenzylamino)-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol

To a solution of (R)-ethyl 3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoropropanoate (15 g, 1equiv.) in THF (150 mL), methyl magnesium bromide (3M in diethyl ether)(15 mL, 2.5 equiv.) was added dropwise at 0° C. under N₂ atm. Thereaction mixture was slowly allowed to attain room temperature andstirred for 1 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with saturatedaqueous ammonium chloride at 0° C. and extracted into ethyl acetate(twice). The organic layers were collected, dried over anhydrous sodiumsulfate, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was purified byflash column chromatography using silica gel and EtOAc:pet ether toafford (R)-4-(dibenzylamino)-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol. ¹H NMR: 400MHz, DMSO-d₆: δ 0.92-0.92 (m, 3H), 0.98-0.98 (m, 3H), 2.53-2.94 (m, 2H),3.51-3.81 (m, 4H), 4.34-4.46 (m, 1H), 4.80 (s, 1H), 7.22-7.40 (m, 10H).

Synthesis of (R)-4-amino-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol

(R)-4-(dibenzylamino)-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol was deprotected usingthe procedures outlined for the synthesis of(R)-3-amino-2-fluoropropan-1-ol.

Synthesis of (S)-4-amino-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol

(S)-4-(Dibenzylamino)-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol was prepared in anidentical fashion as (R)-4-amino-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol startingfrom D-serine methyl ester.

Synthesis of (R)-3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoropropanoic acid

To a solution of (R)-ethyl 3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoropropanoate (5.5 g,1 equiv.) in EtOH (30 mL), LiOH (5 equiv.) dissolved in water (30 mL)was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12h. The reaction mixture was concentrated and the residue obtained wasdissolved in minimum amount of water and neutralized with 6N HClresulting in white solid. The precipitate was filtered and dried undervacuum to afford (R)-3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoropropanoic acid. LC/MS:Acquity BEH C 18 2.1×50 mm, 1.8μ; Solvent A=0.1% TFA in water; SolventB=0.1% TFA in ACN; gradient 0-100% B over 2 min; retention time: 0.64min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 288.8 (M+H).

Synthesis of(R)-3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoro-N-methoxy-N-methylpropanamide

To a solution of (R)-3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoropropanoic acid (1.4 g, 1equiv.) in DMF (5 mL), N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine.HCl (0.7 g, 1.5equiv.), EDC.HCl (1.8 g, 2 equiv.) and DIPEA (4.5 mL, 5 equiv.) wereadded followed by the addition of HOBT (0.65 g, 1 equiv.). The reactionmixture was stirred at room temperature. The reaction mixture wasconcentrated under reduced pressure to remove excess of DMF and theresidue obtained was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with brinesolution followed by water. The organic layer was collected and driedover anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The crudematerial was purified by flash chromatography through silica gel andEtOAC:pet ether as eluent to afford(R)-3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoro-N-methoxy-N-methylpropanamide. LC/MS:Acquity BEH C18 2.1×50 mm, 1.8μ; Solvent A=0.1% TFA in water; SolventB=0.1% TFA in ACN; gradient 0-100% B over 2 min; retention time: 0.71min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 331.8 (M+H).

Synthesis of (R)-4-(dibenzylamino)-3-fluorobutan-2-one

A solution of(R)-3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoro-N-methoxy-N-methylpropanamide (0.9 g, 1equiv.) in THF (10 mL) was cooled to 0° C. Methyl magnesium bromide (3equiv, 3M in diethyl ether) was added to the reaction mixture. Aftercompletion of addition the reaction mixture was warmed to roomtemperature and stirred for 1 h. The reaction was quenched usingsaturated ammonium chloride solution and extracted with ethyl acetate.The organic layer was collected and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate,filtered and concentrated to afford the title compound(R)-4-(dibenzylamino)-3-fluorobutan-2-one. LC/MS: Acquity BEH C18 2.1×50mm, 1.8μ; Solvent A=0.1% TFA in water; Solvent B=0.1% TFA in ACN;gradient 0-100% B over 2 min; retention time: 0.73 min; LCMS (ES-API),m/z 286.8 (M+H).

Synthesis of (R)-1-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoro-4-methylpentan-3-one and(R)-1-cyclopropyl-3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluorpropan-1-one

These compounds were prepared using the methods described for thesynthesis of (R)-4-(dibenzylamino)-3-fluorobutan-2-one using iso-propylor cyclopropyl Grignard reagents, respectively.

Synthesis of(R)-4-(dibenzylamino)-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol

To a solution of (R)-4-(dibenzylamino)-3-fluorobutan-2-one (1.2 g, 1equiv.) in THF (15 mL), CF₃TMS (3 g, 5 equiv.) was added and stirred for30 min. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C. and added TBAF (1M inTHF, 21 mL, 5 equiv.) dropwise to the reaction mixture. The reactionmixture was allowed to stir for 16 h at room temperature and quenchedwith 2 M HCl. The product was extracted into MTBE, and the organic layerwas collected and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered andconcentrated. The crude material was purified by flash chromatographythrough silica gel and EtOAC:pet ether as eluent to afford the titlecompound (R)-4-(dibenzylamino)-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol asa mixture of diastereomers. LC/MS: Acquity BEH C18 2.1×50 mm, 1.8μ;Solvent A=0.1% TFA in water; Solvent B=0.1% TFA in ACN; gradient 0-100%B over 2 min; retention time: 0.77 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 356.8 (M+H).

Synthesis of(2R)-1-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoro-4-methylpentan-3-ol

To (R)-1-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoro-4-methylpentan-3-one (0.9 g, 1 equiv.)in THF:MeOH (2:1) (10 mL), NaBH₄ (0.2 g, 2 equiv.) was added in portionsat 0° C. and allowed to stir for 1 h. The reaction was quenched withsaturated NH₄Cl solution at ambient temperature and concentrated underreduced pressure to remove excess of solvent. The residue obtained wasdiluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water. The organic layer wascollected and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered andconcentrated. The material obtained was washed with diethyl ether anddried under vacuum to afford(2R)-1-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoro-4-methylpentan-3-ol as a mixture ofdiastereomers. LC/MS: Acquity BEH C18 2.1×50 mm, 1.8μ; Solvent A=0.1%TFA in water; Solvent B=0.1% TFA in ACN; gradient 0-100% B over 2 min;retention time: 0.76 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 316.8 (M+H).

Synthesis of (2R)-1-cyclopropyl-3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoropropan-1-oland (3R)-4-(dibenzylamino)-3-fluorobutan-2-ol

These compounds were prepared using the methods described for thesynthesis of (2R)-1-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoro-4-methylpentan-3-olstarting from (R)-1-cyclopropyl-3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoropropan-1-oneand (R)-4-(dibenzylamino)-3-fluorobutan-2-one.

Synthesis of(3R)-2-cyclopropyl-4-(dibenzylamino)-1,1,1,3-tetrafluorobutan-2-ol

This compound was prepared using the method described for the synthesisof compound no.(R)-4-(dibenzylamino)-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol startingfrom (R)-1-cyclopropyl-3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoropropan-1-one.

Synthesis of (3R)-4-amino-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol,(2R)-1-amino-2-fluoro-4-methylpentan-3-ol,(2R)-3-amino-1-cyclopropyl-2-fluoropropan-1-ol,(3R)-4-amino-3-fluorobutan-2-ol,(3R)-4-amino-2-cyclopropyl-1,1,1,3-tetrafluorobutan-2-ol

These compounds were prepared using the benzyl deprotection methoddescribed for the synthesis of (R)-3-amino-2-fluoropropan-1-ol.

(3R)-4-Amino-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol

LC/MS: ELSD method. Retention time: 1.804 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 175.6(M−H).

Step 1: Methyl 6-chloro-4-(cyclopentylamino)nicotinate

The compound was prepared using the method described for the synthesisof ethyl 6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinate starting from methyl4,6-dichloronicotinate.

Step 1

A solution of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (23.5 g, 160 mmol) in (THF250 mL) was cooled to −78° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. Butyl lithium(9.7 g, 151 mmol) was added dropwise and then allowed to stir at 0° C.for 45 min. The LTMP solution was then cooled to −78° C. and treateddropwise with a solution of 2-bromo-4-fluoro-3-(trimethylsilyl)pyridine(20 g, 76 mmol) in THF (50 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at −78°C. for 3.5 h and then quenched with dry ice under a nitrogen atmosphere.The reaction mixture was acidified with 5% H₂SO₄ solution and theaqueous layer was extracted twice with EtOAc. The separated organiclayer was dried (Na₂SO₄) and concentrated to afford the crude product(6-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(trimethylsilyl)nicotinic acid (18.7 g, 80% yield)as a brown oil. This crude product was used directly in the next step.¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.66 (s, 1H), 0.59 (s, 9H).

Step 2

To solution of 6-chloro-4-bromo-5-(trimethylsilyl)nicotinic acid (4 g,13 mmol) in MeOH (100 mL) and was added K₂CO₃ (4 g, 29 mmol). Thereaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The reactionmixture was slowly added to ice then acidified with 10% H₂SO₄. Theaqueous layer was extracted twice with EtOAc (50 mL). The separatedorganic layer was dried (Na₂SO₄) and concentrated to afford the crudeproduct 6-chloro-4-bromonicotinic acid (2.3 g, 75% yield). LCMS m/z233.9 (M)+; ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 14.05 (br s, 1H), 8.77 (s, 1H),8.06 (s, 1H).

Step 3

A suspension of 6-bromo-4-chloronicotinic acid (5 g, 21.15 mmol) in DCM(75 mL) was cooled to 0° C. Oxalyl chloride (3.70 ml, 42.3 mmol) wasadded and the reaction mixture was heated at 50° C. for 1 h. Thereaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and the excess oxalylchloride and DCM was removed by distillation to obtain the acid chlorideas a brown oil which was used directly in the next step.

Step 4

(R)-4-Amino-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol (2.82 g, 23.26 mmol) in DCM (25mL) was added TEA (8.84 mL, 63.4 mmol) at 0° C. The acid chlorideprepared above was dissolved in DCM (75 mL) and added dropwise at 0° C.to the amine solution. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 min andallowed to warm to room temperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture wasdiluted with DCM (150 mL) and washed with water and brine. The organiclayer was dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated to give(R)-6-bromo-4-chloro-N-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)nicotinamide(2.7 g, 7.95 mmol, 37.6% yield) as a brown oil. The residue was purifiedvia column chromatography (pet ether:EA, 15-20%). ¹H NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d₆) δ 8.90 (t, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 8.47 (s, 1H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 4.84 (s,1H), 4.31 (ddd, J=49.6, 8.4, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 3.77 (ddd, J=38.4, 14.8, 6.0Hz, 1H), 3.69 (m, 1H), 1.17 (s, sH), 1.15 (s, 3H).

To a solution of ethyl 4,6-dichloronicotinate (50 g, 227 mmol) in DMA(500 mL) was added DIPEA (39.7 mL, 227 mmol) and cyclopropyl amine (17.6mL, 250 mmol). The mixture was then heated at 90° C. for 5 h. Thereaction mixture was quenched into crushed ice with stirring. Theresulting slurry was stirred and filtered to afford the crude product(42 g, 91% yield) which was used without further purification. LCMS m/z241.1 (M+H)⁺. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.54 (s, 1H), 8.09 (s, 1H),7.03 (s, 1H), 4.29 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.61 (m, 1H), 1.31 (t, J=7.2 Hz,3H), 0.86 (m, 2H), 0.58 (m, 2H).

To a solution of ethyl 6-chloro-4-(cyclopropylamino)nicotinate (2 g,8.31 mmol) in EtOH (14 mL), was added LiOH.H₂O (1.02 g, 25 mmol) andwater (6 mL, 8.31 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at roomtemperature for 1 h. The solvents were removed in vacuo and the pHadjusted to 3-4 with 1.5 N HCl. The resulting solid was filtered anddried to afford 6-chloro-4-(cyclopropylamino)nicotinic acid (1.5 g, 82%yield) as a white solid. LCMS m/z 213.2 (M+H)⁺.

To a stirred solution of 6-chloro-4-(cyclopropylamino)nicotinic acid(0.30 g, 1.4 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was added HATU (0.644 g, 1.7 mmol),DIPEA (0.74 mL, 4.23 mmol) and (1R,4R)-4-amino-1-methylcyclohexanol(0.219 g, 1.693 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 3 hours at roomtemperature. The DMF was evaporated from the reaction mixture and theresidue was partitioned with water and EtOAc. The organic layer waswashed with cold water (3 times). The organic layer was dried overNa₂SO₄ and concentrated under vacuum to get crude compound which wasthen purified by flash column chromatography (10% MeOH/DCM) to afford6-chloro-4-(cyclopropylamino)-N-(4-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)nicotinamide(310 mg, 63% yield). LCMS m/z 324.2 (M+H)⁺.

Step 4

A solution of6-chloro-4-(cyclopropylamino)-N-(4-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)nicotinamide(0.100 g, 0.309 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) was addedbenzo[d]thiazol-6-amine (0.056 g, 0.37 mmol), Xantphos (0.071 g, 0.124mmol) and sodium carbonate (0.131 g, 1.24 mmol). The solution was purgedwith N₂ for 10 mins. Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (0.113 g,0.124 mmol) was added and the mixture purged with N₂ for an additional10 min. The reaction mixture was heated at 110° C. for 18 h. The mixturewas cooled to room temperature and diluted with EtOAc. The mixture wasfiltered through CELITE® and concentrated to a residue which waspurified via preparative HPLC to afford6-(benzo[d]thiazol-6-ylamino)-4-(cyclopropylamino)-N-(4-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)nicotinamide(7 mg, 5% yield).

Step 1: Synthesis of ethyl4-(4-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)phenylamino)-6-chloronicotinate

Followed the same method outlined for the synthesis of Example 5, Step 1using ethyl 4,6-dichloronicotinate and tert-butyl 4-aminobenzoate.LC/MS: PUROSPHER® Star RP-18, 4×55 mm, 3 μm; Solvent A=10% ACN: 90% H₂O:20 mM NH₄OAc; Solvent B=90% ACN: 10% H₂O: 20 mM NH₄COOAc; gradient0-100% B over 1.5 min (3.2 min run time); retention time: 2.525 min;LCMS (ES-API), m/z 377.0 (M+H).

Step 1: Synthesis of ethyl6-chloro-4-(3-hydroxycyclohexylamino)nicotinate

Followed the same method outlined for the synthesis of Example 5, Step 1using ethyl 4,6-dichloronicotinate and (3S)-3-aminocyclohexanol. LC/MS:ZORBAX® SB C18, 4.6×50 mm, 5 μm; Solvent A=10% MeOH: 90% H₂O: 0.1% TFA;Solvent B=90% MeOH: 10% H₂O: 0.1% TFA; gradient 0-100% B over 2 min (3min run time); retention time: 1.65 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 299.0 (M+H).

Step 2: Synthesis of 6-chloro-4-((1S)-3-hydroxycyclohexylamino)nicotinicacid

Followed the same method described for the synthesis of Example 5, Step3 using 6-chloro-4-(3-hydroxycyclohexylamino)nicotinate. LC/MS: ZORBAX®SB C18, 4.6×50 mm, 5 μm; Solvent A=10% MeOH: 90% H₂O: 0.1% TFA; SolventB=90% MeOH: 10% H₂O: 0.1% TFA; gradient 0-100% B over 2 min (3 min runtime); retention time: 1.095 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 271.0 (M+H).

Step 3: Synthesis of6-chloro-N-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-((1S)-3-hydroxycyclohexylamino)nicotinamide

Followed the method described for the synthesis of Example 5, Step 4,using (R)-4-amino-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol and6-chloro-4-((1S)-3-hydroxycyclohexylamino)nicotinic acid.

Step 1: Synthesis of ethyl6-chloro-4-((1S)-3-fluorocyclohexylamino)nicotinate

A solution of ethyl 6-chloro-4-((3-hydroxycyclohexyl)amino)nicotinate(0.3 g, 1 equiv.) in DCM (10 mL) was cooled to −78° C. and stirred for 5min. Xtal-Fluoro-E (1.2 equiv.) was added to the reaction mixture. Aftercompletion of addition the reaction mixture was stirred for 5 min. Thereaction mixture was quenched with saturated solution of NH₄Cl at −78°C. and extracted with DCM (twice). The organic layers were collectedtogether, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. Thecrude material obtained was purified via column chromatography(EtOAc:pet ether) to afford ethyl6-chloro-4-((1S)-3-fluorocyclohexylamino)nicotinate. LC/MS: ZORBAX® SBC18, 4.6×50 mm, 5 μm; Solvent A=10% MeOH: 90% H₂O: 0.1% TFA; SolventB=90% MeOH: 10% H₂O: 0.1% TFA; gradient 0-100% B over 2 min (3 min runtime); retention time: 1.981 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 301 (M+H).

Step 2: Synthesis of 6-chloro-4-((1S)-3-fluorocyclohexylamino)nicotinicacid

Followed the same method described for the synthesis of Example 5, Step3 using 6-chloro-4-((1S)-3-fluorocyclohexylamino)nicotinate. LC/MS:ZORBAX® SB C 18, 4.6×50 mm, 5 μm; Solvent A=10% MeOH: 90% H₂O: 0.1% TFA;Solvent B=90% MeOH: 10% H₂O: 0.1% TFA; gradient 0-100% B over 2 min (3min run time); retention time: 1.393 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 273.0(M+H).

Step 3: Synthesis of6-chloro-N-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-((1S)-3-fluorocyclohexylamino)nicotinamide

Followed the method described for the synthesis of Example 5, Step 4,using (R)-4-amino-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol and6-chloro-4-((1S)-3-fluorocyclohexylamino)nicotinic acid.

Step 1: Synthesis of ethyl6-chloro-4-((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclopentylamino)nicotinate)

Followed the same method outlined for the synthesis of Example 5, Step 1using ethyl 4,6-dichloronicotinate and (1R,2R)-2-aminocyclopentanol.LC/MS: Ascentis Express C 18, 5×2.1 mm, 2.7 □μm; Solvent A=2% ACN: 98%H₂O: 10 mM NH₄COOH; Solvent B=98% ACN: 2% H₂O: 10 mM NH₄COOH; gradient0-100% B over 1.5 min; retention time: 1.786 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z285.2 (M+H).

Step 2

Ethyl 6-chloro-4-(((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl)amino)nicotinate (1.3 g,4.57 mmol) in THF (10 mL), MeOH (4 mL) and water (2 mL) was added LiOH(0.328 g, 13.7 mmol) and stirred at room temperature for 18 h. Theorganic layer was evaporated and the pH of the crude mixture wasadjusted to 6 with 1.5N HCl to precipitate the crude acid. The solidswere filtered and dried under vacuum to afford6-chloro-4-(((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl)amino)nicotinic acid (0.95 mg,81% yield). LCMS (ES-API), m/z 257.4 (M+H).

Step 3

A solution of 6-chloro-4-(((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl)amino)nicotinicacid (900 mg, 3.51 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) and(R)-4-amino-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol (425 mg, 3.51 mmol) was addedHATU (1333 mg, 3.51 mmol) and DIPEA (0.612 mL, 3.51 mmol). The reactionmixture was allowed to stir for 18 h at room temperature. The DMF wasremoved under vacuum and the crude mass was diluted with water andextracted with ethylacetate. The ethylacetate layer was washed withNaHCO₃, then dried and concentrated to give 1.4 g crude mass which waspurified by column chromatography (CHCl₃:MeOH:9.5/0.5) to provide theproduct. LCMS m/z 360.5 (M+H).

Synthesis of ethyl 6-chloro-4-((1 R)-2-fluorocyclopentylamino)nicotinate

A solution of ethyl6-chloro-4-(((2S)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl)amino)nicotinate (1.0 g, 1equiv.) in DCM (15 mL) was cooled to ° C. DAST (0.7 mL, 1.5 equiv.) wasadded dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at roomtemperature. The reaction mixture was again cooled to 0° C. and quenchedwith 10% NaHCO₃ solution. The product was extracted in DCM. The aqueouslayer was washed with DCM (twice). The organic extracts were combined,dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. Thecrude product was purified by flash column chromatography using silicagel and EtOAc:pet ether to obtain the desired product. LC/MS: AscentisExpress C18, 5×2.1 mm, 2.7 μm; Solvent A=2% ACN: 98% H₂O: 10 mM NH₄COOH;Solvent B=98% ACN: 2% H₂O: 10 mM NH₄COOH; gradient 0-100% B over 1.5min; retention time: 2.013 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 287.2 (M+H).

Synthesis of (R)-ethyl 6-chloro-4-(2-oxocyclopentylamino)nicotinate

A solution of ethyl6-chloro-4-(((2S)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl)amino)nicotinate (0.5 g, 1equiv.) in DCM (20 mL) was added Dess-Martin Periodinane (2.98 g, 4equiv.) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10min. The reaction mixture was concentrated and the residue was dissolvedin ethyl acetate and filtered through a bed of CELITE®. The filtrate wasconcentrated. The crude product was purified by flash columnchromatography using silica gel and EtOAc:pet ether to obtain thedesired product. LC/MS: Ascentis Express C18, 5×2.1 mm, 2.7 m; SolventA=2% ACN: 98% H₂O: 10 mM NH₄COOH; Solvent B=98% ACN: 2% H₂O: 10 mMNH₄COOH; gradient 0-100% B over 1.5 min; retention time: 1.863 min; LCMS(ES-API), m/z 283.2 (M+H).

Synthesis of (R)-ethyl6-chloro-4-(2,2-difluorocyclopentylamino)nicotinate

Ethyl 6-chloro-4-((2-oxocyclopentyl)amino)nicotinate (0.57 g, 1 equiv.)in DCM (10 mL) was cooled to 0° C. DAST (0.67 mL, 2.5 equiv.) was addeddropwise to the reaction mixture and allowed to overnight at roomtemperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM, quenched with10% NaHCO₃ at 0° C. The organic layer was collected, dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The crude productwas purified by flash column chromatography using silica gel andEtOAc:pet ether to obtain the desired product. LC/MS: PUROSPHER® StarRP-18, 4×55 mm, 3 μm; Solvent A=10% ACN: 90% H₂O: 20 mM NH₄OAc; SolventB=90% ACN: 10% H₂O: 20 mM NH₄COOAc; gradient 0-100% B over 1.5 min (3.2min run time); retention time: 2.017 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 305 (M+H).

Step 1: Synthesis of ethyl6-chloro-4-(3-formylcyclobutylamino)nicotinate

To a solution of ethyl6-chloro-4-((3-(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl)amino)nicotinate (0.6 g, 1equiv.) in DCM (35 mL) was added Dess-Martin Periodinane (3.57 g, 4equiv.) at 0° C. and the reaction mixture was stirred at roomtemperature for 30 min. The reaction mixture was concentrated. Theresidue was dissolved in ethyl acetate, filtered through a CELITE® bed,and washed with ethyl acetate. The filtrate was collected and washedwith 10% NaHCO₃ solution. The organic layer was collected, dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The crude materialwas purified by flash chromatography using EtOAc:pet ether as eluent toafford ethyl 6-chloro-4-(3-formylcyclobutylamino)nicotinate. LC/MS:PUROSPHER® Star RP-18, 4×55 mm, 3 μm; Solvent A=10% ACN: 90% H₂O: 20 mMNH₄OAc; Solvent B=90% ACN: 10% H₂O: 20 mM NH₄COOAc; gradient 0-100% Bover 1.5 min (3.2 min run time); retention time: 1.54 min; LCMS(ES-API), m/z 281.2 (M−H).

Step 2: Synthesis of ethyl6-chloro-4-(3-(difluoromethyl)cyclobutylamino)nicotinate

A solution of ethyl 6-chloro-4-((3-formylcyclobutyl)amino)nicotinate(0.11 g, 0.389 mmol) in DCM (5 mL) was cooled 15 to −10° C. DAST (0.103mL, 0.78 mmol) was added dropwise to the reaction mixture and stirred atroom temperature for 5 h. The reaction mixture was quenched with satNaHCO₃ solution at 0° C. The product was extracted into DCM and theorganic extracts collected, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate,filtered and concentrated. The crude material was purified by flashchromatography using EtOAc:pet ether as eluent to afford ethyl6-chloro-4-(3-(difluoromethyl)cyclobutylamino)nicotinate. LC/MS:PUROSPHER® Star RP-18, 4×55 mm, 3 μm; Solvent A=10% ACN: 90% H₂O: 20 mMNH₄OAc; Solvent B=90% ACN: 10% H₂O: 20 mM NH₄COOAc; gradient 0-100% Bover 1.5 min (3.2 min run time); retention time: 1.975 min; LCMS(ES-API), m/z 305.0 (M+H).

Step 1: Synthesis of ethyl6-chloro-4-((1S)-3-hydroxycyclopentylamino)nicotinate

This intermediate was prepared from 3-aminocyclopentanol and ethyl4,6-dichloronicotinate following the standard procedures outlined inExample 5. LC/MS: Acquity BEH C18 2.1×50 mm, 1.8μ; Solvent A=0.1% TFA inwater; Solvent B=0.1% TFA in ACN; gradient 0-100% B over 2 min;retention time: 0.70 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 285.1 (M+H).

Step 2: Synthesis of ethyl6-chloro-4-((1S)-3-fluorocyclopentylamino)nicotinate

This intermediate was prepared from the reaction of ethyl6-chloro-4-(3-hydroxycyclopentylamino)nicotinate and DAST according tothe methods outlined for the preparation of ethyl6-chloro-4-((1R)-2-fluorocyclopentylamino)nicotinate. LC/MS: XBridge Phe8, □4.6×30 mm, 3.5 μm; Solvent A=2% ACN: 98% H₂O: 10 mM NH₄COOH; SolventB=98% ACN: 2% H₂O: 10 mM NH₄COOH; gradient 0-100% B over 1.5 min (3.2min run time); retention time: 1.165 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 287.0(M+H).

Synthesis of ethyl 3-(dibenzylamino)cyclobutanecarboxylate

Ethyl 3-oxocyclobutanecarboxylate (5.0 g, 1 equiv.) was dissolved in amixture of 10% aqueous acetic acid (25 mL) and THF (25 mL). Sodiumtriacetoxyborohydride (14.9 g, 2 equiv.) and dibenzylamine (6.94 g, 1equiv.) were added sequentially. The reaction mixture was stirred for 14h at room temperature. The reaction mixture was then concentrated toremove the excess solvent and the residue was dissolved in DCM, washedwith water followed by 10% aq NaHCO₃ and brine solution. The organiclayer was collected and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filteredand concentrated. The crude product was purified by flash chromatographyusing silica gel and EtOAc:pet ether as eluent to obtain the requiredproduct. ¹H NMR 400 MHz, CD₃OD: δ 1.22-1.26 (m, 3H), 2.03-2.12 (m, 2H),2.19-2.26 (m, 2H), 2.69-2.71 (m, 1H), 3.11-3.15 (m, 1H), 3.51 (d, J=2.40Hz, 4H), 4.11 (q, J=7.20 Hz, 2H), 7.22-7.34 (m, 10H).

Synthesis of ethyl 3-aminocyclobutanecarboxylate

Ethyl 3-(dibenzylamino)cyclobutane carboxylate (1.0 g, 1 equiv.)dissolved in a mixture of ethanol (48 mL), water (3 mL) and acetic acid(0.2 mL) was degassed with N₂. To the reaction mixture 10% Pd/C (0.5 g,1.1 equiv.) was added in an inert condition. The reaction mixture washydrogenated in an autoclave at 42 psi at room temperature for 18 h. Thereaction mixture was filtered through CELITE® and concentrated to obtainethyl 3-aminocyclobutanecarboxylate. ¹H NMR 400 MHz, CD₃OD: δ 1.29-1.30(m, 3H), 2.23-2.29 (m, 2H), 2.56-2.63 (m, 2H), 2.96-3.01 (m, 1H),3.63-3.67 (m, 1H), 4.16 (q, J=7.20 Hz, 2H).

Synthesis of (3-(dibenzylamino)cyclobutyl)methanol

A solution of ethyl 3-(dibenzylamino)cyclobutanecarboxylate (4.0 g, 1equiv.) in THF (50 mL) was cooled to −10° C. Lithium borohydride (0.404g, 1.5 equiv.) was added to the reaction mixture in portions. After theaddition was complete the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to roomtemperature and stirred for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted withethyl acetate, cooled to 0° C. and quenched using a saturated solutionof NH₄Cl. The organic layer was collected and dried over anhydroussodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The crude product waspurified by flash chromatography using silica gel and EtOAc:pet ether aseluent to obtain the required product(3-(dibenzylamino)cyclobutyl)methanol. LC/MS: PUROSPHER® Star RP-18,4×55 mm, 3 μm; Solvent A=10% ACN: 90% H₂O: 20 mM NH₄OAc; Solvent B=90%ACN: 10% H₂O: 20 mM NH₄COOAc; gradient 0-100% B over 1.5 min (3.2 minrun time); retention time: 1.955 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 282.2 (M+H).

Synthesis of (3-aminocyclobutyl)methanol

Using the reduction procedure described for the preparation of ethyl3-aminocyclobutanecarboxylate, (3-aminocyclobutyl)methanol was obtainedfrom (3-(dibenzylamino)cyclobutyl)methanol. ¹H NMR 400 MHz, CD₃OD: δ3.61-3.66 (m, 1H), 3.55 (d, J=5.20 Hz, 2H), 3.33-3.34 (m, 2H), 2.40-2.47(m, 2H), 2.22-2.38 (m, 2H), 1.92-1.98 (m, 3H).

Synthesis of 2-(3-(dibenzylamino)cyclobutyl)propan-2-ol

Ethyl 3-(dibenzylamino)cyclobutanecarboxylate (1.5 g, 4.6 mmol) wasdissolved in THF (30 mL) and cooled to −50° C. Methyl magnesium bromide(1.6 mL, 13.9 mmol) was added dropwise and the mixture was stirred atroom temperature for 20 h. TLC indicated partial conversion. Thereaction mixture was again cooled to −15° C. and an additional 3 eq ofmethyl magnesium bromide (1.603 mL, 13.91 mmol) was added and thereaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. The reactionmixture was cooled to 0° C. and quenched with sat NH₄Cl solution. Theaqueous layer was extracted with ethylacetate (3 times) and the combinedorganic extracts were dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated toobtain a liquid as the crude product. The crude product was purified bycolumn chromatography (EA/pet ether 15%) to obtain2-(3-(dibenzylamino)cyclobutyl)propan-2-ol (1.4 g, 88% yield) as acolorless liquid. LC/MS: PUROSPHER® Star RP-18, 4×55 mm, 3 μm; SolventA=10% ACN: 90% H₂O: 20 mM NH₄OAc; Solvent B=90% ACN: 10% H₂O: 20 mMNH₄COOAc; gradient 0-100% B over 1.5 min (3.2 min run time); retentiontime: 2.201 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 310.2 (M+H).

Synthesis of 2-(3-aminocyclobutyl)propan-2-ol

2-(3-(dibenzylamino)cyclobutyl)propan-2-ol (1.6 g, 5.17 mmol) wasdissolved in ethanol (45 mL) and added 10% Pd—C (0.8 g, 7.52 mmol), AcOH(4.8 mL) and water (0.32 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was thanhydrogenated in an autoclave at 3 kg psi for 18 h. The reaction mixturewas filtered through CELITE®, washed with MeOH, and concentrated toobtain a colorless liquid as the product (0.63 g, 94% yield). LCMS m/z130.1 (M+H); ¹H NMR 400 MHz, CD₃OD: δ 3.53-3.57 (m, 1H), 2.29-2.35 (m,2H), 2.13-2.20 (m, 1H), 2.02-2.07 (m, 2H), 1.12-1.18 (m, 6H).

Synthesis of 3-azidocyclopentanone

A solution of cyclopent-2-enone (10 g, 1 equiv.) in DCM (100 mL) andAcOH (35 mL, 5 equiv.) at 0° C. was added trimethyl silyl azide (81 mL,5 equiv.) followed of TEA (3.4 mL, 0.2 equiv.). The reaction mixture wasallowed to stir overnight at room temperature. After completeconsumption of the starting material, the reaction was quenched byadding water. The product was extracted into DCM (twice) and the organiclayer was collected, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered andconcentrated to give crude 3-azidocyclopentanone. GCMS: 125 (M):Retention time: 4.445 min.

Synthesis of tert-butyl 3-oxocyclopentylcarbamate

A solution of 3-azidocyclopentanone (10 g, 1 equiv.) in EtOAc (80 mL)was added Boc₂O (22.3 mL, 1.2 equiv.). The solution was degassed with N₂followed by addition of Pd/C (0.850 g, 0.1 equiv.). The reaction mixturewas stirred overnight at ambient temperature under H₂ atm (14 psi). Thereaction mixture was filtered through CELITE® and the CELITE® bed washedthoroughly with ethyl acetate. The filtrate was concentrated. Theresidue was triturated with ether:hexane:1:1, filtered and dried to givetert-butyl (3-oxocyclopentyl)carbamate. LC/MS: Ascentis Express C18,5×2.1 mm, 2.7 □μm; Solvent A=2% ACN: 98% H₂O: 10 mM NH₄COOH; SolventB=98% ACN: 2% H₂O: 10 mM NH₄COOH; gradient 0-100% B over 1.5 min;retention time: 1.6 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 200.9 (M+H).

Synthesis of tert-butyl 3-hydroxycyclopentylcarbamate

A solution of tert-butyl (3-oxocyclopentyl)carbamate (2.0 g, 1 equiv.)in MeOH (20 mL) at 0° C. was added NaBH₄ (0.760 g, 2 equiv.). Thereaction mixture was stirred for 1 h at room temperature. Methanol wasremoved under reduced pressure, and the residue was quenched withsaturated NH₄Cl and extracted with EtOAc (twice). The organic layer waswashed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated. The crude material obtained was purified by columnchromatography using silica gel and EtOAc:pet ether as eluent to affordtert-butyl 3-hydroxycyclopentylcarbamate. LC/MS: Ascentis Express C18,5×2.1 mm, 2.7 □μm; Solvent A=2% ACN: 98% H₂O: 10 mM NH₄COOH; SolventB=98% ACN: 2% H₂O: 10 mM NH₄COOH; gradient 0-100% B over 1.5 min;retention time: 1.6 min; LCMS (ES-API), m/z 201.9 (M+H).

Synthesis of 3-aminocyclopentanol)

A solution of tert-butyl (3-hydroxycyclopentyl)carbamate (1.6 g, 1equiv.) in DCM (2 mL) was cooled to 0° C. Next, 4 M HCl in dioxane (6mL) was added to the reaction mixture and stirred for 1 h. Dioxane wasremoved under vacuum to give 3-aminocyclopentanol hydrochloride. ¹H NMR400 MHz, DMSO-d₆: δ8.02-8.19 (m, 1H), 4.12-4.23 (m, 2H), 3.43-3.58 (m,1H), 2.04-2.10 (m, 1H), 1.88-1.94 (m, 2H), 1.66-1.75 (m, 2H), 1.49-1.60(m, 1H).

Synthesis of tert-butyl 3-hydroxy-3-methylcyclopentylcarbamate

A solution of tert-butyl (3-oxocyclopentyl)carbamate (0.25 g, 1 equiv.)in THF (10 mL) was cooled 25 to 0° C. Methyl magnesium bromide (3 M inTHF) (0.449 g, 3 equiv.) was added and stirred at room temperature for 4h. After completion of 4 h, the reaction mixture was quenched using sat.NH₄Cl solution (20 mL) at 0° C. and stirred at room temperature for 10min. The product was extracted into ethyl acetate (twice) and thecombined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated. The crude product was purified by flash columnchromatography using silica gel and EtOAc:pet ether to afford tert-butyl(3-hydroxy-3-methylcyclopentyl)carbamate. ¹H NMR: 400 MHz, DMSO-d₆: δ7.19 (bs, 1H), 4.42 (s, 1H), 3.72-3.85 (m, 1H), 2.08-2.16 (m, 2H),1.77-1.99 (m, 2H), 1.50-1.66 (m, 2H), 1.33-1.45 (m, 9H), 1.16-1.21 (m,3H).

Synthesis of 3-amino-1-methylcyclopentanol

A solution of tert-butyl (3-hydroxy-3-methylcyclopentyl)carbamate (0.12g) in DCM (10 mL) was treated with methanol hydrochloride (10 mL) at 0°C. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 h. Aftercomplete consumption of the starting material the reaction mixture wasconcentrated. The material obtained was azeotroped with MeOH (twice) andconcentrated under reduced pressure to provide3-amino-1-methylcyclopentanol.

Synthesis of ethyl2-(3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)cyclopentylidene)acetate

To a stirred suspension of NaH (72.3 mg, 1.2 equiv.) in THF (10 mL) at0° C. was added triethyl phosphonoacetate (0.55 mL, 1.1 equiv.) in THF(5 mL) and allowed to stir for 30 min. tert-Butyl(3-oxocyclopentyl)carbamate (500 mg, 1 equiv.) in THF (5 mL) was addedto the reaction mixture at 0° C. The reaction mixture was allowed toslowly warm to room temperature and stir for 12 h. The reaction mixturewas then concentrated and the residue was diluted with EtOAc and washedwith brine solution and water. The organic layer was separated, driedover anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The crudematerial was purified by column chromatography through silica gel andEtOAC:pet ether as eluent to afford ethyl2-(3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)cyclopentylidene)acetate. GCMS: 269 (M);Retention time: 9.051 min.

Synthesis of ethyl 2-(3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)cyclopentyl)acetate

A solution of ethyl2-(3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)cyclopentylidene)acetate (500 mg, 1equiv.) in MeOH (15 mL) was degassed with N₂ followed by addition ofPdOH₂ (261 mg, 1 equiv.). The reaction mixture was allowed to stir atambient temperature for 12 h under H₂ atm. The reaction mixture wasfiltered through CELITE®. The filtrate obtained was concentrated toafford ethyl 2-(3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)cyclopentyl)acetate. ¹H NMR:400 MHz, CDCl₃: δ 4.12 (q, J=6.80 Hz, 2H), 3.66 (s, 1H), 2.25-2.41 (m,4H), 1.85-1.99 (m, 3H), 1.72-1.78 (m, 1H), 1.61-1.65 (m, 1H), 1.44 (s,9H), 1.22 (t, J=4.40 Hz, 3H).

Synthesis of tert-butyl 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)cyclopentylcarbamate

To an ice cooled solution of ethyl2-(3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)cyclopentyl)acetate (400 mg, 1 equiv.) inTHF was added LAH (112 mg, 2 equiv.) and the reaction mixture wasstirred at 0° C. for 1 h. After the completion of 1 h, the reaction wasquenched with saturated solution of sodium sulfate and the suspensionwas filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to provide tert-butyl3-(2-hydroxyethyl)cyclopentylcarbamate. ¹H NMR: 400 MHz, CDCl₃: δ3.64-3.61.89-1.99 (m, 2H), 5 (m, 2H), 2.24-2.31 (m, 1H), 2.01-2.10 (m,1H), 1.60-1.67 (m, 3H), 1.54-1.59 (m, 1H), 1.41 (s, 9H), 1.45-1.32 (m,3H).

Synthesis of 2-(3-aminocyclopentyl)ethanol

tert-Butyl 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)cyclopentylcarbamate was treated with 4 MHCl in dioxane at 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h thenconcentrated to dryness to furnish 2-(3-aminocyclopentyl)ethanol.

Step 1

To a refluxing solution of mCPBA (0.460 g, 1.867 mmol) in DCE was addedtert-butyl ((trans)-4-aminocyclohexyl)carbamate (0.1 g, 0.467 mmol) inDCE. The mixture was refluxed for 3 hours. The reaction was worked up byadding EtOAc, washing with 1N NaOH (3×), and brine (1×). The organiclayer was dried (sodium sulfate) and the solvent removed in vacuo toyield 0.0654 g of tert-butyl ((trans)-4-nitrocyclohexyl)carbamate as ayellow viscous oil. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 3.51 (br. s., 1H),2.42-2.31 (m, 2H), 2.24-2.15 (m, 2H), 2.04-1.91 (m, 2H), 1.47 (s, 9H),1.33-1.19 (m, 4H).

tert-Butyl ((trans)-4-nitrocyclohexyl)carbamate (0.0654 g, 0.268 mmol)was dissolved in DCM (1 mL) and to this solution was added HCl (0.669mL, 2.68 mmol). The contents were stirred overnight at room temperature.TLC in 100% EtOAc shows only baseline product. The solvent was removedin vacuo and the residue re-evaporated from methylene chloride (3×) toremove traces of HCl. There was obtained 0.059 mg oftrans-4-nitrocyclohexanamine, HCl as an off-white solid.

Example 28

Step 1

6-Chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinic acid (96106-020-01) (150 mg, 0.699mmol), PyBOP (364 mg, 0.699 mmol) and Hunig's Base (0.366 mL, 2.1 mmol)were mixed in DMF (3 mL) at 25° C. with stirring then (R)-tert-butyl(4-aminobutan-2-yl)carbamate (132 mg, 0.699 mmol) was added. Thereaction was stirred for 2 h then added ethyl acetate and rinsed 3 timeswith 10% LiCl. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate andconcentrated to give (R)-tert-butyl(4-(6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamido)butan-2-yl)carbamate (250mg, 84% yield) as a white solid. LCMS 385.20 (M+H)⁺.

Step 2

(R)-tert-Butyl(4-(6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamido)butan-2-yl)carbamate (250mg, 0.650 mmol) was dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ (2 mL) at 25° C. with stirringthen 4N HCl in dioxane (1.624 mL, 6.50 mmol) was added. After 3 hoursthe reaction essentially complete by LCMS. Workup entailed concentratingthe reaction 5 times from methylene chloride to obtain(R)—N-(3-aminobutyl)-6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide, 2 HCl (230mg, 0.611 mmol, 94% yield) as a white glass. LCMS 285.1 (M+H)⁺.

Step 3

(R)—N-(3-Aminobutyl)-6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide, 2 HCl (115mg, 0.321 mmol), PYBOP((1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)oxy)tri(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phosphoniumhexafluorophosphate(V) (167 mg, 0.321 mmol), Hunig's Base (0.168 mL,0.964 mmol) and acetic acid (19.31 mg, 0.321 mmol) were mixed in DMF (1mL) at 25° C. with stirring. After 1 hour, LCMS indicates the reactionwas nearly complete. Ethyl acetate was added and rinsed 3 times with 10%LiCl to remove the DMF. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulfateand concentrated to give(R)—N-(3-acetamidobutyl)-6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide (75 mg,0.207 mmol, 64.2% yield) as an off-white solid. LCMS 327.20 (M+H)⁺.

Step 4

In a microwave tube,(R)—N-(3-acetamidobutyl)-6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide (20 mg,0.061 mmol), 6-amino-5-chloronicotinonitrile (18.80 mg, 0.122 mmol),Pd₂dba₃ (11.21 mg, 0.012 mmol), Xantphos (14.16 mg, 0.024 mmol) andCs₂CO₃ (59.8 mg, 0.184 mmol) were mixed in DMA (1 mL) at roomtemperature. The reaction vessel was purged with N₂ then sealed andheated at 150° C. for a total of 40 minutes. The reaction was filtered,and the filtrate was concentrated under high vacuum and the residue waspurified via preparative HPLC to afford(R)—N-(3-acetamidobutyl)-6-((3-chloro-5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide,2 TFA (6 mg, 13% yield). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, methanol-d₄) δ 8.64 (d, J=2.0Hz, 1H), 8.38 (s, 1H), 8.27 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (s, 1H), 7.14 (s,1H), 4.05-3.94 (m, 1H), 3.83 (dt, J=12.9, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 3.65-3.55 (m,1H), 3.18 (ddd, J=14.1, 8.7, 5.9 Hz, 1H), 2.01 (s, 3H), 1.87-1.76 (m,1H), 1.69-1.59 (m, 1H), 1.42-1.35 (m, 6H), 1.21 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 3H); LCMS444.2 (M+H)⁺.

Example 29

Step 1

(R)—N-(3-Aminobutyl)-6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide, 2 HCl (115mg, 0.321 mmol) and Hunig's Base (0.056 mL, 0.321 mmol) were mixed inTHF (2 mL) at 25° C. with stirring then 2-isocyanatopropane (27.4 mg,0.321 mmol) was added. The reaction was stirred for 30 min thenconcentrated and purified via column chromatography to afford(R)-6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)-N-(3-(3-isopropylureido)butyl)nicotinamide(75 mg, 0.201 mmol, 62% yield) as a white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d₆) δ 8.55 (t, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 8.45 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 8.32 (s, 1H),6.68 (s, 1H), 5.58 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 3.81-3.71 (m, 1H), 3.70-3.60 (m,2H), 3.18 (s, 1H), 3.17-3.05 (m, 1H), 1.55 (dt, J=13.8, 7.1 Hz, 2H),1.16 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 6H), 1.07-0.98 (m, 9H); LCMS 370.3 (M+H)⁺.

Step 2

In a microwave tube,(R)-6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)-N-(3-(3-isopropylureido)butyl)nicotinamide(20 mg, 0.054 mmol), 6-amino-5-fluoronicotinonitrile (14.83 mg, 0.108mmol), Pd₂dba₃ (9.90 mg, 10.81 μmol), Xantphos (12.51 mg, 0.022 mmol)and Cs₂CO₃ (52.9 mg, 0.162 mmol) were mixed in DMA (1 mL) at roomtemperature. The reaction vessel was purged with N₂ then sealed andheated at 150° C. for a total of 40 minutes. The reaction was filtered,and the filtrate was concentrated under high vacuum and the residue waspurified via preparative HPLC to afford(R)-6-((5-cyano-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)-N-(3-(3-isopropylureido)butyl)nicotinamide(11.6 mg, 43% yield) ¹H NMR (500 MHz, methanol-d₄) δ 8.44 (d, J=2.0 Hz,1H), 8.32 (s, 1H), 7.73 (dd, J=10.7, 1.2 Hz, 2H), 7.61 (s, 1H),3.90-3.74 (m, 3H), 3.66-3.59 (m, 1H), 3.13 (ddd, J=13.9, 8.4, 5.9 Hz,1H), 1.80-1.70 (m, 1H), 1.61-1.51 (m, 1H), 1.34 (dd, J=6.4, 2.0 Hz, 6H),1.19-1.10 (m, 9H); LCMS 471.2 (M+H)⁺.

A solution of 2-(3-amino-4-chloro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)acetic acid (500 mg,2.85 mmol) was stirred at 25° C. under nitrogen in CH₂Cl₂ (3 mL) andMeOH (1 mL). The reaction was a partial solution. 2.0M TMS-Diazomethanein hexanes (1.566 mL, 3.13 mmol) was added dropwise. Note: Gas evolutionwas observed during the addition. Once the addition was complete, thereaction was an amber solution. The reaction was stirred for 1 h thenconcentrated to afford methyl2-(3-amino-4-chloro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)acetate (422 mg, 2.114 mmol, 74.2%yield) of oily tan solids as product which solidified. LCMS 189.90(M+H)⁺.

Example 30

Step 1

A solution of 6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinic acid (0.554 g, 2.58mmol), BOP (1.142 g, 2.58 mmol) and TEA (1.080 mL, 7.75 mmol) in DMF (15mL) at 25° C. was added (1R,4R)-methyl 4-aminocyclohexanecarboxylate,HCl (0.5 g, 2.58 mmol). The reaction was stirred overnight then addedethyl acetate and rinsed 3 times with 10% LiCl to remove the DMF. Theorganic layer was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to give(1R,4R)-methyl 4-(6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamido)cyclohexanecarboxylate (820 mg, 85% yield) as an off-white solid. LCMS 354.10(M+H)⁺.

Step 2

(1R,4R)-methyl 4-(6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamido)cyclohexanecarboxylate (820 mg, 2.317 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH (10 mL) at 25° C.with stirring then 1.0 N NaOH (4.63 mL, 4.63 mmol) was added. Thereaction was stirred for 2 h then concentrated to remove the MeOH. Theaqueous pH was adjusted to 4 with IN HCl with stirring. The resultingsolids were filtered, rinsed with water followed by hexanes. The solidswere dried under high vacuum to give(1r,4r)-4-(6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamido)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (680 mg, 82% yield). LCMS 340.10 (M+H)⁺.

Step 3

(1r,4r)-4-(6-Chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamido)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (200 mg, 0.589 mmol), BOP (260 mg, 0.589 mmol) and TEA(0.246 mL, 1.766 mmol) were mixed in DMF (5 mL) at 25° C. with stirringthen 2.0M ethanamine in THF (0.441 mL, 0.883 mmol) was added. Thereaction was stirred overnight, diluted with EA and rinsed 2 times with10% LiCl to remove the DMF. The organic layer was dried over sodiumsulfate and concentrated to give6-chloro-N-((1R,4R)-4-(ethylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(200 mg, 83% yield). LCMS 367.20 (M+H)⁺.

Step 4

In a microwave vial,6-chloro-N-((1R,4R)-4-(ethylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(25 mg, 0.068 mmol), 6-amino-5-fluoronicotinonitrile (9.34 mg, 0.068mmol), BrettPhos precatalyst (2.72 mg, 3.41 μmol) and K₂CO₃ (18.83 mg,0.136 mmol) were mixed in 6:1 t-BuOH/DMA (2 mL) at room temperature.Nitrogen was bubbled through the mixture for 5 minutes and then thereaction was heated at 145° C. for 15 minutes. The reaction was cooled,filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated. The product was purifiedvia preparative HPLC to afford6-((5-cyano-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)amino)-N-((1R,4R)-4-(ethylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide,2 TFA (6.6 mg, 13% yield). 1H NMR; LCMS 468.2 (M+H)⁺.

Example 31

Step 1

A solution of 1-methyl-1H-pyrazole (1.012 mL, 12.18 mmol) in THF (50 mL)was cooled to −78° C. and n-BuLi (4.87 mL, 12.18 mmol) was added. Themixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hr. Afterwards asolution of tert-butyl (4-oxocyclohexyl)carbamate (1.299 g, 6.09 mmol)in THF (10 mL) was added and the mixture stirred at room temperatureovernight. The reaction was worked up by quenching with water,evaporating the THF, adding EtOAc, and washing the product with water(2×). The organic layer was dried (sodium sulfate) and the solventremoved in vacuo to yield 1.061 g of a viscous yellow oil which waspurified via column chromatography to afford a mixture of cis and transisomers (0.85 g, 46% yield). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃-d) δ 7.40-7.33 (m,1H), 6.24-6.00 (m, 1H), 5.31 (s, 1H), 4.48 (br. s., 1H), 4.12-4.00 (m,3H), 2.23-1.80 (m, 6H), 1.73-1.59 (m, 2H), 1.50-1.43 (m, 9H). Note thatthere were two sets of vinyl peaks in a ration of 3:1 designating theratio of trans/cis products.

Step 2

tert-Butyl (4-hydroxy-4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)cyclohexyl)carbamate(0.85 g, 2.88 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (20 mL) and to this solutionwas added HCl (4N in dioxane) (7.19 mL, 28.8 mmol). The contents werestirred at room temperature. The reaction appeared to be precipitatingand thus a little MeOH was added to help make the product more soluble.The reaction was evaporated and the residue evaporated from methylenechloride 3× to remove traces of HCl. The solid thus obtained was driedunder house vacuum to afford 0.75 g of a light yellow solid which wasused without further purification: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.31-8.14(m, 3H), 7.39 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.14 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 3.98 (s, 3H),3.08-2.95 (m, 1H), 2.08-1.96 (m, 2H), 1.82 (br. s., 5H).

Step 3

4-Amino-1-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)cyclohexanol, HCl (200 mg, 0.863mmol), 6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinic acid (185 mg, 0.863 mmol),Hunig's Base (0.754 mL, 4.32 mmol), and PyBOP (898 mg, 1.726 mmol) weremixed and stirred in DMF (3 mL) at room temperature. The reaction wasquenched with IN NaOH, and EtOAc was added. The layers were separatedand the organic layer rinsed with 1N NaOH (2×), brine (1×), dried(sodium sulfate) and the solvent removed in vacuo to yield 1.25 g of abrown oily solid. The residue was purified via column chromatography toafford 245 mg (69% yield) of a mixture of 4-5:1 ratio of trans to cisisomers. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.46 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 8.42-8.25(m, 2H), 7.33-7.19 (m, 1H), 6.74-6.61 (m, 1H), 6.25-6.02 (m, 1H),5.22-5.08 (m, 1H), 4.01-3.91 (m, 3H), 3.88-3.69 (m, 2H), 2.11-1.60 (m,7H), 1.20 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 1.16 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 5H), 1.09-1.09 (m, 1H).

Step 4

A solution of 6-((5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinicacid (50 mg, 0.168 mmol), BOP (82 mg, 0.185 mmol) and TEA (0.047 mL,0.336 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) at 25° C. was stirred under nitrogen. After afew minutes, 4-amino-1-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)cyclohexanol. HCl (39.0mg, 0.168 mmol) was added. The mixture was a light amber solution. Thereaction was stirred for 1 h and the crude material was purifieddirectly via preparative HPLC to afford6-((5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-N-((1s,4s)-4-hydroxy-4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)cyclohexyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(14.4 mg, 17% yield). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 10.18 (s, 1H), 8.64(d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.43 (s, 1H), 8.40 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 1H), 8.20 (d, J=7.3Hz, 1H), 8.03 (dd, J=8.9, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.84 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.25 (d,J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.08 (s, 1H), 6.09 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 3.78(dd, J=7.6, 4.0 Hz, 1H), 3.60 (dq, J=13.0, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 2.03 (d, J=11.6Hz, 2H), 1.92-1.79 (m, 2H), 1.76-1.61 (m, 4H), 1.21 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 7H).;LCMS 475.2 (M+H)⁺.

Example 32

Step 1

To a stirred solution of tert-butyl((1s,4s)-4-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (1.00 g, 4.64 mmol) andtriethylamine (3.24 mL, 23.22 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (10 mL) at 0° C. wereadded methanesulfonyl chloride (0.543 ml, 6.97 mmol) dropwise. Themixture was stirred at 0° C. for 15 min then diluted with water. Thelayers were separated and the organic layer was rinsed with saturatedsodium bicarbonate (1×) followed by brine (1×). The organic layer wasdried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated to provide(1S,4S)-4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)cyclohexyl methanesulfonate (3.20g, 89% yield) as a light amber solid. LCMS (TFA) 238.0 (M+H-t-butyl)⁺.

Step 2

To a stirred solution of(1S,4S)-4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)cyclohexyl methanesulfonate (3.20g, 10.91 mmol) in DMF (40 mL) at room temperature was added potassiumthioacetate (1.869 g, 16.36 mmol). The reaction was heated at 80° C.behind a safety shield for 7 hours, then at room temperature for 48hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and rinsedwith 10% LiCl (2×), saturated ammonium chloride (1×), saturated sodiumbicarbonate (1×), and brine (2×). The organic layer was dried overNa₂SO₄ and concentrated to provide a dark oil as crude product.Purification via column chromatography providedS-((1R,4R)-4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)cyclohexyl)ethanethioate (820mg, 27.5% yield). LCMS (TFA) 218.0 (M+H-t-butyl)⁺.

Step 3

To a stirred solution ofS-((1R,4R)-4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)cyclohexyl)ethanethioate (820mg, 3.00 mmol) in MeOH (5 mL) at room temperature was added sodiummethoxide (648 mg, 12.00 mmol) followed by iodomethane (0.281 mL, 4.50mmol). The flask was then capped with a stopper and stirred for 16hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with water then extracted withethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic layer was rinsed with saturatedammonium chloride (1×), saturated sodium bicarbonate (1×), and brine(1×). The organic layer was dried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated toprovide tert-butyl ((1R,4R)-4-(methylthio)cyclohexyl)carbamate (650 mg,79% yield) of amber solids. LCMS (TFA) 190.0 (M+H)⁺.

Step 4

To a stirred solution of tert-butyl((1R,4R)-4-(methylthio)cyclohexyl)carbamate (650 mg, 2.65 mmol) indioxane (5 mL) and methanol (1 mL) at room temperature was added 4N HClin dioxane (3.31 mL, 13.24 mmol). After 20 hours, the reaction wasconcentrated from methylene chloride (5×) to provide(1R,4R)-4-(methylthio)cyclohexanamine, HCl (490 mg, 92% yield) of tansolids as product

Step 5

To a stirred solution of 6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinic acid (236mg, 1.101 mmol), BOP (487 mg, 1.101 mmol) and TEA (0.307 mL, 2.201 mmol)in DMF (0.5 mL) at 25° C. was added(1r,4r)-4-(methylthio)cyclohexanamine, HCl (200 mg, 1.101 mmol). After 2hours, the reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and rinsedwith 10% LiCl (2×), saturated sodium bicarbonate (1×) and finally 10%LiCl (1×). The organic layer was dried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated toprovide tert-butyl ((1R,4R)-4-(methylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl)carbamate (320mg, 77% yield) of an amber oil as product. LCMS 342.2 (M+H)⁺.

Step 6

A mixture of6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)-N-((1R,4R)-4-(methylthio)cyclohexyl)nicotinamide(100 mg, 0.292 mmol), 6-amino-5-fluoronicotinonitrile (48.1 mg, 0.351mmol), K₂CO₃ (29.4 mg, 0.213 mmol), and 6:1 t-BuOH/DMA (2 mL) were mixedin a 5 mL microwave vial containing a magnetic stir bar and degassedwith bubbling nitrogen for 5 minutes. The mixture was treated withBrettPhos precatalyst (23.36 mg, 0.029 mmol) and degassed for another 5minutes. The vial was sealed and the reaction heated in the microwavewith stirring at 145° C. for 40 minutes. The reaction was filtered,purified via preparative HPLC to afford the product (16.8 mg, 12%yield). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 9.04 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 1H), 8.69 (d,J=7.3 Hz, 1H), 8.61 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.45-8.37 (m, 2H), 7.95 (s, 1H),7.04 (s, 1H), 3.71 (dd, J=12.8, 6.7 Hz, 2H), 2.57-2.52 (m, 1H),2.09-1.98 (m, 5H), 1.90 (d, J=12.2 Hz, 2H), 1.44-1.20 (n, 11H). LCMS443.2 (M+H)⁺.

Example 33

A solution of6-((5-cyano-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)-N-((1R,4R)-4-(methylthio)cyclohexyl)nicotinamide(50 mg, 0.113 mmol) in MeOH (3.5 mL) at 0° C. was added OXONE® (139 mg,0.226 mmol) in water (1.5 mL). Stirring was continued at roomtemperature for 1 h then another aliquot of OXONE® (0.3 equiv) wasadded. The reaction was stirred for an additional 48 hour. The solidswere filtered and rinsed with MeOH. The filtrate was concentrated andextracted with CH₂Cl₂. The organic extract was dried (Na₂SO₄), filteredand concentrated. The product was purified via preparative HPLC toafford6-((5-cyano-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-(isopropylamino)-N-((1R,4R)-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)nicotinamide(11.3 mg, 19% yield). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.53 (d, J=1.2 Hz,1H), 8.44 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 1H), 8.39 (s, 1H), 8.23 (d, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 8.15(d, J=11.0 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (s, 1H), 3.78-3.68 (m, 1H), 3.63 (dq, J=12.8,6.3 Hz, 1H), 3.16 (d, J=3.7 Hz, 1H), 3.04 (t, J=11.9 Hz, 1H), 2.93 (s,3H), 2.13 (d, J=11.6 Hz, 2H), 1.98 (d, J=10.4 Hz, 2H), 1.56-1.44 (m,2H), 1.44-1.35 (m, 2H), 1.22 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 6H); LCMS 475.1 (M+H)⁺.

Example 34

(R)-6-((4-Amino-5-cyanopyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-N-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(60 mg, 0.144 mmol) and Hunig's Base (0.025 mL, 0.144 mmol) wasdissolved in DMF (2 mL) at room temperature with stirring then addedacetyl chloride (10.24 μl, 0.144 mmol). The reaction was stirred for 1hour. The reaction was then filtered, and the filtrate was purified viapreparative HPLC to afford the product (2.9 mg, 4% yield). ¹H NMR (500MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.68 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 1H), 8.43 (s, 2H), 8.37(s, 1H), 8.29 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (s, 1H), 7.59 (br. s., 2H), 4.84(s, 1H), 4.37 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 0.5H), 4.27 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 0.5H), 3.91-3.81(m, 1H), 3.74-3.58 (m, 1H), 3.34-3.26 (m, 1H), 2.36 (s, 1H), 1.19 (d,J=6.1 Hz, 5H), 1.15 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 7H); LCMS 459.2 (M+H)⁺.

Example 35

Step 1

To a solution of (R)-3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluoropropan-1-ol (400 mg,1.463 mmol) in THF (10 mL) at 0° C. under nitrogen was added NaH (70.2mg, 1.756 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 10 min then added MeI(0.092 mL, 1.463 mmol). After 1 hour additional DMF (1 mL) was added.Over the course of the next 2 hours, 1 additional NaH and MeI (1 equiv)was added in two portions. The reaction was then quenched with water,diluted with EtOAc and washed with 10% LiCl to remove the DMF. Theorganic layer was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to give(R)—N,N-dibenzyl-2-fluoro-3-methoxypropan-1-amine (400 mg, 86% yield).LCMS 287.70 (M+H)⁺.

Step 2

Under a nitrogen atmosphere, a Parr bottle was carefully charged with10% Pd—C (74.1 mg, 0.070 mmol), and the catalyst was carefully wettedwith methanol (10 mL). The vessel was charged with a solution of(R)—N,N-dibenzyl-2-fluoro-3-methoxypropan-1-amine (400 mg, 1.392 mmol)in methanol (10 mL) and the mixture was degassed and backfilled with H₂and pressurized to 50 psi for 4 h. The mixture was degassed withnitrogen, and the reaction mixture was filtered under nitrogen throughfiberglass filter paper, being sure not to let the cake dry out. Thefilter cake was thoroughly rinsed with methanol (25 mL total rinsevolume), and the combined filtrate and rinsing were concentrated invacuo to obtain (R)-2-fluoro-3-methoxypropan-1-amine (125 mg, 75% yield)as a colorless oil.

Step 3

A solution of 6-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinic acid (250 mg, 1.167mmol), BOP (516 mg, 1.167 mmol) and TEA (0.325 mL, 2.334 mmol) in DMF (5mL) was added (R)-2-fluoro-3-methoxypropan-1-amine (125 mg, 1.167 mmol).The reaction was stirred for 18 h. The mixture was diluted with EtOAcand washed 2 times with 10% LiCl to remove the DMF, followed by 1 timewith saturated sodium carbonate, and finally 1 time with 10% LiCl. Theorganic layer was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to afford(R)-6-chloro-N-(2-fluoro-3-methoxypropyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(300 mg, 72% yield).

Step 4

In a 5 mL microwave vial, a mixture of(R)-6-chloro-N-(2-fluoro-3-methoxypropyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(35 mg, 0.115 mmol), 6-amino-5-fluoronicotinonitrile (15.80 mg, 0.115mmol) and K₂CO₃ (31.8 mg, 0.230 mmol) were mixed at room temperature in6:1 tert-butanol/DMA (2 mL) and was degassed with bubbling nitrogen for5 minutes. The mixture was treated with BrettPhos precatalyst (4.60 mg,5.76 μmol), degassed for another 5 minutes, and the vial was sealed. Thereaction was heated via microwave with stirring at 145° C. for 15minutes. The reaction was cooled, filtered, and the filtrate wasconcentrated under high vacuum then the residue was dissolved in DMF forpurification. The product was isolated via preparative HPLC to afford(R)-6-((5-cyano-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)amino)-N-(2-fluoro-3-methoxypropyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(11.8 mg, 25% yield).

Example 36

Example 36 was prepared in an analogous fashion as Example 35 startingfrom (R)-4-(dibenzylamino)-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol. LCMS 433.3(M+H)⁺: HPLC RT 1.73 min, conditions G.

Example 37

Example 37 was prepared in an analogous fashion as Example 36 startingfrom (R)-4-(dibenzylamino)-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol and CD₃I. LCMS436.4 (M+H)⁺: HPLC RT 1.85 min, conditions G.

Example 38

To a solution of6-chloro-N—((R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-((3-fluorocyclopentyl)amino)nicotinamide(200 mg, 0.553 mmol) and 6-amino-5-chloronicotinonitrile (85 mg, 0.553mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (4 mL) was added Cs₂CO₃ (540 mg, 1.658 mmol) andXantphos (128 mg, 0.221 mmol) and 0.5 mL of water. The reaction was thenpurged with nitrogen for 20 mins, then Pd₂(dba)₃ (202 mg, 0.221 mmol)was added and again purged for 15 mins. The reaction mixture was heatedat 110° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled, filtered throughCELITE® and diluted with EtOAc (50 mL). The organic layer was washedwith water (10 mL) and brine solutions (10 mL). The organic layer wasdried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated to give the crude compoundwhich was purified over silica gel eluting 10% methanol in DCM to getmixture of nitrile containing diastereomers and 2 nitrile hydrolysisdiastereomers which were purified via preparative SFC chromatography.The desired diastereomer was isolated as a white solid (4 mg, 1.5%yield). LCMS 497.2 (M+H)⁺; HPLC RT 6.15 min, conditions A, 12 mingradient.

Example 39

Step 1

To a stirred solution of ethyl 4,6-dichloronicotinate (1.0 g, 4.54 mmol)in DMA (5 mL) was added DIPEA (2.381 mL, 13.63 mmol) and(S)-2-aminopropan-1-ol (0.424 mL, 5.45 mmol). The reaction mixture wasstirred for 3 h at 100° C., cooled to room temperature and the solventsremoved in vacuo. The residue was added water and extracted with ethylacetate. The organic solution was dried over anhydrous Na₂SO₄, filtered,and concentrated. The product was purified via column chromatography toafford (S)-ethyl 6-chloro-4-((1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)amino)nicotinate (1.1g, 93% yield). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ ppm 8.53 (s, 1H) 8.22 (d,J=8.03 Hz, 1H) 8.20-8.24 (m, 1H) 6.87 (s, 1H) 6.85-6.88 (m, 1H)4.97-4.97 (m, 1H) 4.99 (t, J=5.27 Hz, 1H) 4.30 (q, J=−7.03 Hz, 1H)4.26-4.33 (m, 2H) 3.73-3.82 (m, 1H) 3.39-3.52 (m, 2H) 1.29-1.34 (m, 3H)1.16 (m, 3H); LCMS 259.3 (M+H)⁺.

Step 2

To a stirred solution of(S)-ethyl-6-chloro-4-((1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)amino)nicotinate (2 g, 7.73mmol) in THF (15 mL) at −78° C. was added DAST (2.55 mL, 19.33 mmol).The reaction mixture was then allowed to warm to room temperature andstir overnight. The reaction was quenched with 10% aq NaHCO₃ andextracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na₂SO₄,filtered, and concentrated to afford the crude material which waspurified via column chromatography to afford the product (1.2 g, 60%yield). LCMS 261.0 (M+H)⁺.

Step 3

To a solution of (S)-ethyl6-chloro-4-((1-fluoropropan-2-yl)amino)nicotinate (1.3 g, 4.99 mmol) inethanol (10 mL), was added LiOH (0.615 g, 14.96 mmol) and water (3 mL,4.99 mmol) and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. TLCshowed absence of SM. The mixture was concentrated and acidified to a pHof 3-4 using 1.5N HCl. The resulting solid was filtered to afford(S)-6-chloro-4-((1-fluoropropan-2-yl)amino)nicotinic acid (1.0 g, 41%yield) as an off-white solid. LCMS 233.2 (M+H)⁺.

Step 4

To as solution of(S)-6-chloro-4-((1-fluoropropan-2-yl)amino)nicotinicacid (0.650 g, 2.79 mmol) in DMF (6 mL) was added DIPEA (1.952 mL, 11.18mmol), (R)-4-amino-3-fluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol (0.406 g, 3.35 mmol) andHATU (1.062 g, 2.79 mmol) and the reaction mass was stirred at roomtemperature for 1 h. The reaction was diluted with water (50 mL) andextracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic extracts was washedwith 10% sodium bicarbonate, dried over sodium sulphate andconcentrated. The crude material was purified via column chromatographyto afford6-chloro-N—((R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(((S)-1-fluoropropan-2-yl)amino)nicotinamide(0.4 g, 42% yield) as a pale yellow oil. LCMS 336.2 (M+H)⁺.

Step 5

To a solution of6-chloro-N—((R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(((S)-1-fluoropropan-2-yl)amino)nicotinamide(0.1 g, 0.298 mmol) in dioxane (1 mL) was added6-amino-5-chloronicotinonitrile (0.055 g, 0.357 mmol), cesium carbonate(0.291 g, 0.893 mmol), water (0.5 mL, 0.298 mmol) and Xantphos (0.017 g,0.030 mmol). The mixture was degassed then added Pd₂(dba)₃ (0.014 g,0.015 mmol) after which the reaction was degassed further and heated to110° C. for 18 h. The reaction was cooled and filtered through CELITE®.The CELITE® bed was washed with ethyl acetate and the combined filtratewas concentrated. Minimum DCM was then added to the reaction mass todissolve it followed by the addition of Pet ether. The resulting solidwas allowed to settle down and the Pet ether layer was decanted. Thisprocess was repeated 2-3 times to afford the crude solids which wasfurther purified by prep HPLC to provide a pale brown oil which wasfurther purified by Prep HPLC to get afford6-((3-chloro-5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-N—((R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(((S)-1-fluoropropan-2-yl)amino)nicotinamide(4 mg, 3% yield) as an off-white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, methanol-d₄) δ8.61 (s, 1H), 8.36 (s, 1H), 8.21 (s, 1H), 7.76-7.98 (m, 1H), 4.96-5.08(m, 1H), 4.56-4.66 (m, 1H), 4.41-4.56 (m, 1H), 4.29-4.41 (m, 1H),3.79-3.99 (m, 1H), 3.40-3.62 (m, 3H), 3.37 (s, 3H), 1.35-1.57 (m, 3H),1.30 (d, J=1.51 Hz, 6H); LCMS 453.2 (M+H)⁺.

Example 40

Example 40 was prepared according to the method described for Example27. LCMS 459.3 (M+H)⁺; HPLC RT 7.18 min, conditions A.

Example 41

Step 1

A solution of tert-butyl 4-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate (0.614 g,3.05 mmol) in THF (50 mL) was added KOtBu (0.342 g, 3.05 mmol) andstirred for 30 mins then 2,5-dichloropyrimidin-4-amine (0.5 g, 3.05mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was heated at reflux overnight.The reaction was cooled, diluted with ethylacetate and washed withwater. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na₂SO₄, filtered, andconcentrated to obtain an orange solid. The crude product was purifiedby column chromatography to obtain tert-butyl4-((4-amino-5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)oxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate (0.72 g,72% yield) as a white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 5.24 (br. s.,1H), 5.04-5.11 (m, 1H), 3.84 (m, 3H), 3.24-3.34 (m, 1H), 3.04 (ddd,J=3.50, 9.82, 13.45 Hz, 1H), 1.70-2.01 (m, 4H), 1.50 (s, 9H); LCMS 329.2(M+H)⁺.

Step 2

A solution of(R)-6-chloro-N-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(isopropylamino)nicotinamide(0.110 g, 0.346 mmol) and tert-butyl4-((4-amino-5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)oxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate (0.114g, 0.346 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) was added Na₂CO₃ (0.110 g, 1.038mmol) and water (1 mL). The reaction was purged with N₂ then addedXantphos (0.050 g, 0.087 mmol) followed by Pd₂(dba)₃ (0.079 g, 0.087mmol) and again purged with N₂ for 5 mins. The reaction mixture washeated at 110° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled, dilutedwith DCM, filtered through CELITE®, and concentrated to obtain a brownliquid as the crude product which was purified by column chromatographyto obtain a yellow solid (28 mg, 13% yield). ¹H NMR (400 MHz,methanol-d₄) δ 8.34 (s, 1H), 8.29 (s, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 5.26 (br. s.,1H), 4.33-4.51 (m, 1H), 3.76-3.95 (m, 2H), 3.62 (d, J=9.54 Hz, 2H),3.40-3.56 (m, 4H), 1.92-2.02 (m, 2H), 1.77-1.88 (m, 2H), 1.50 (s, 9H),1.34 (d, J=6.02 Hz, 6H), 1.30 (d, J=2.01 Hz, 6H); LCMS 611.2 (M+2H)⁺.

Step 3

(R)-tert-Butyl4-((5-chloro-4-((5-((2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)carbamoyl)-4-(isopropylamino)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyrimidin-2-yl)oxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate(0.02 g, 0.033 mmol) in DCM (5 mL) was cooled to 0° C. and added TFA(0.5 μl, 6.49 μmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at roomtemperature overnight. The solvent was evaporated and the crude productwas purified by Prep TLC plate (MeOH/CHCl₃ 9%) to afford the product. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, methanol-d₄) δ 8.34 (s, 1H), 8.30 (s, 1H), 7.64 (s, 1H),5.27-5.34 (m, 1H), 4.33-4.50 (m, 1H), 3.74-3.94 (m, 2H), 3.47 (ddd,J=9.04, 14.56, 16.56 Hz, 1H), 3.35-3.39 (m, 1H), 3.20 (td, J=4.89, 13.30Hz, 2H), 2.06-2.22 (m, 4H), 1.35 (d, J=6.53 Hz, 6H), 1.30 (d, J=1.51 Hz,6H); LCMS 510.0 (M+H)⁺.

Example 42

Example 42 was prepared according to the method described for Example41. LCMS 508.2 (M+H)⁺; HPLC RT 8.11 min, conditions K.

Example 43

Step 1

To a stirred suspension of Zn dust (4.98 g, 76 mmol) in THF (100 mL) wasadded TMS-Cl (9.73 mL, 76 mmol) followed by the addition of ethyl2-bromo-2,2-difluoroacetate (3.40 g, 16.75 mmol). The mixture wasstirred for 15 minutes, then a solution ofN-((1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)methyl)-N-benzyl-1-phenylmethanamine(5 g, 15.22 mmol) in THF (50 mL) was added slowly. The reaction mixturewas stirred for 2 hours. The reaction was quenched slowly by theaddition of 10% sodium-bi-carbonate solution and extracted with ethylacetate (3×200 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with water,dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated. The crude material waspurified via column chromatography to afford ethyl3-(dibenzylamino)-2,2-difluoropropanoate (5 g, 95% yield) as a paleyellow oil. LCMS 334.2 (M+H).

Step 2

To a solution of ethyl 3-(dibenzylamino)-2,2-difluoropropanoate (8 g,24.00 mmol) in THF (80 mL) at 0° C. was added methyl MgBr (24 mL, 72.0mmol) dropwise. After completion of addition the reaction was stirred atroom temperature for 1 h. The reaction was cooled to 0° C. and quenchedwith the addition of ammonium chloride solution. The aqueous layer wasextracted with ethyl acetate (3×200 mL). The combined organic layerswere washed with water, dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated. Thecrude material was purified via column chromatography to afford4-(dibenzylamino)-3,3-difluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol (5 g, 64% yield) as apale yellow oil. LCMS 320.2 (M+H)⁺.

Step 3

To a solution of 4-(dibenzylamino)-3,3-difluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol (5 g,15.65 mmol) in MeOH was added Pd/C (2.5 g, 23.49 mmol) and palladiumhydroxide (2.5 g, 15.65 mmol) and the reaction mass was hydrogenated atroom temperature for 4 h. The reaction was filtered through CELITE® andthe filtrate was concentrated to get4-amino-3,3-difluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol as a pale yellow oil (2 g, 91%yield). ¹H NMR (MeOD₄, 400 MHz) δ 3.14 (t, J=16.4 Hz, 2H), 1.30 (s, 6H).

Step 4

To a solution of 6-chloro-4-(cyclopropylamino)nicotinic acid (1 g, 4.70mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was added DIPEA (2.46 mL, 14.11 mmol),4-amino-3,3-difluoro-2-methylbutan-2-ol (0.79 g, 5.64 mmol) and HATU(1.79 g, 4.70 mmol) and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for2 h. The reaction mass was diluted with water and extracted with ethylacetate (3×75 ml). The combined organics were washed with 10%sodium-bi-carbonate and water then dried over sodium sulphate andconcentrated to afford6-chloro-N-(2,2-difluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4(isopropylamino)nicotinamide (1.30 g, 60% yield).

Step 5

To a solution of6-chloro-4-(cyclopropylamino)-N-(2,2-difluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)nicotinamide(0.2 g, 0.599 mmol) in dioxane (5 mL) was added6-amino-5-chloronicotinonitrile (0.110 g, 0.719 mmol), Cs₂CO₃ (0.586 g,1.798 mmol) and Xantphos (0.277 g, 0.479 mmol) and the reaction wasdegassed. Pd₂dba₃ (0.219 g, 0.240 mmol) was added and the mixturedegassed again then heated at 110° C. in a sealed tube overnight. Thereaction was cooled and filtered through CELITE® and purified viapreparative HPLC to afford6-((3-chloro-5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-(cyclopropylamino)-N-(2,2-difluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)nicotinamide(61 mg, 18% yield). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, methanol-d₄) δ 8.68 (s, 1H), 8.42(s, 1H), 8.24 (s, 1H), 7.47 (s, 1H), 4.01 (t, J=16 Hz, 1H), 2.67-2.73(s, 1H), 1.35 (m, 6H), 1.01-1.06 (m, 2H), 0.75-0.77 (n, 2H); LCMS 451.1(M+H)⁺.

Example 44

Step 1

To a stirred suspension of 4-(dibenzylamino)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid(1.5 g, 4.64 mmol) in DMF (15 mL) was added HATU (3.53 g, 9.28 mmol) andDIPEA (4.05 mL, 23.19 mmol). The reaction was stirred for 5 min thenadded N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (2.26 g, 23.2 mmol). Thereaction was stirred for 3 h, added water and extracted into EtOAc. Thecombined organic layers were dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated.The product was purified via column chromatography to afford4-(dibenzylamino)-N-methoxy-N-methylcyclohexanecarboxamide (0.9 g, 54%yield). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.27-7.40 (m, 8H), 7.18-7.24 (m,2H), 3.66 (s, 3H), 3.60 (s, 4H), 3.06 (s, 3H), 2.62 (br. s., 1H), 2.41(t, J=11.80 Hz, 1H), 1.87 (d, J=10.04 Hz, 2H), 1.76 (d, J=11.04 Hz, 2H),1.40-1.54 (m, 2H), 1.14-1.27 (m, 2H); LCMS 367.0 (M+H)+.

Step 2

To a stirred solution of4-(dibenzylamino)-N-methoxy-N-methylcyclohexanecarboxamide (800 mg,2.183 mmol) in dry THF (16 mL) at 0° C. was added methyl MgBr (1.091 mL,3.27 mmol). The reaction was then allowed to warm to room temperatureand stirred for 2 h. The reaction was cooled in an ice bath and quenchedwith saturated NH₄Cl. The combined organic layers were dried (Na₂SO₄),filtered and concentrated. The product was purified via columnchromatography to afford 1-(4-(dibenzylamino)cyclohexyl)ethanone. LCMS322.4 (M+H)⁺.

Step 3

To a stirred solution of 1-(4-(dibenzylamino)cyclohexyl)ethanone (1.2 g,3.73 mmol) in dry THF (24 mL) was added cyclopropyl magnesium bromide(14.93 mL, 7.47 mmol) dropwise at 0° C. The reaction was then allowed towarm to room temperature and stirred for 3 h. The reaction was cooled inan ice bath and quenched with saturated NH₄Cl. The combined organiclayers were dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated. The product waspurified via column chromatography to afford1-cyclopropyl-1-(4-(dibenzylamino)cyclohexyl)ethanol as a mixture ofdiastereomers. LCMS 364.3 (M+H)⁺.

Step 4

A solution of1-cyclopropyl-1-((1s,4s)-4-(dibenzylamino)cyclohexyl)ethanol (1.2 g,3.30 mmol) in MeOH (24 mL) was added Pd/C (0.527 g, 0.495 mmol) andstirred for 16 h under hydrogen atmosphere at RT. The reaction mixturewas filtered through CELITE® and the filtrate concentrated to afford1-((1s,4s)-4-aminocyclohexyl)-1-cyclopropylethanol as a mixture ofdiastereomers (95% yield). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 3.57 (s, 1H),1.80 (m, 4H), 1.00-1.22 (m, 4H), 0.91-0.99 (m, 6H), 0.71-0.83 (m, 1H),0.33 (t, J=6.04 Hz, 1H), 0.13-0.26 (m, 3H).

The Examples in the table below were prepared in an analogous fashion tothe previously described Examples, substituting where appropriate,alternate amines in the synthetic sequence.

TABLE 4 HPLC rt HPLC LCMS Ex. No. Structure (min) cond. (M + H)⁺ 45

8.13 K 393.2 46

6.369 E 467.2 47

5.47 E 417.2 48

6.56 A 464.4 49

9.67 K 461.2 50

9.23 K 451.2 51

6.57 A 421.2 52

11.09 A 411.2 53

8.59 K 395.5 54

1.42 L 446.2 55

1.47 L 446.2 56

1.34 L 446.2 57

7.33 A 479.2 58

1.25 G 388.1 59

1.34 G 452.1 60

1.47 G 468.1 61

1.23 G 496.2 62

7.28 A 479.2 63

6.98 A 415.3 64

1.38 G 428.1 65

7.23 A 475.1 66

9.79 K 405.2 67

1.46 G 468.2 68

1.65 G 488.2 69

1.43 G 453.4 70

7.81 A 479.2 71

7.79 A 479.2 72

1.33 G 394.1 73

6.65 E 479.7 74

7.63 A 479.7 75

6.42 E 534.2 76

5.42 B 477.2 77

1.4 G 512.3 78

5.41 B 477.2 79

6.48 A 495.2 80

5.95 E 410.2 (M − H)⁺ 81

11.96 K 408.5 82

7.10 A 463.7 83

1.33 G 452.3 84

2.01 G 444.2 85

7.13 A 413.6 (M − H)⁺ 86

7.4 H 446.2 87

8.6 H 446.2 88

9.2 H 446.2 89

6.44 A 410.2 90

1.86 G 459.1 91

5.39 A 435.6 92

11.55 K 429.2 93

0.71 O, 2 min grad 471.2 94

9.37 A 393.1 95

9.51 K 451.2 (M − H)⁺ 96

9.98 K 453.4 97

10.87 K 461.5 98

10.83 K 461.5 99

6.57 A 414.2 (M − H)⁺ 100

10.17 A, 18 min grad 428.6 101

9.76 A, 18 min grad 418.6 102

7.83 A 472 (M − H) 103

7.92 A 501.2 (M − H) 104

6.95 A 491.2 105

10.13 K 409.8 106

5.36 E 446.9 107

6.69 A 446.5 108

5.88 A 472.4 109

6.20 A 454.4 110

6.20 A 454.4 111

0.46 O, 2 min grad 393.2 112

1.41 G 418.9 113

1.50 G 391.2 114

6.84 A 463.5 115

6.86 A 461.4 (M − H)⁺ 116

1.77 G 482.2 117

6.54 E 430 118

1.49 G 480.3 119

2.05 G 511.3 120

1.36 G 423.2 121

8.68 A 498.2 122

1.36 G 483.1 123

7.32 A 428 124

7.04 A 426 125

1.32 G 469.2 126

5.79 E 498.9 127

2.00 G 429.2 128

1.28 G 532.1 129

1.51 G 408.3 130

1.64 G 483.2 131

0.99 G 392.3 132

1.04 G 392.3 133

1.26 G 487.2 134

1.34 G 546.2 135

1.21 G 496.1 136

1.24 G 417.2 137

1.76 F 455.2 138

1.71 G 435.2 139

1.56 G 419.3 140

1.48 G 463.2 141

1.84 G 447.3 142

1.15 G 496.2 143

1.3 G 512.3 144

7.66 E 481 145

7.64 E 481 146

1.55 G 551.2 147

1.29 G 518.2 148

1.53 G 551.3 149

1.49 G 533.2 150

1.56 G 505.1 151

1.54 G 489.3 152

1.34 G 505.2 153

1.66 G, 3 min grad 526.1 154

1.24 G 415.2 155

1.85 G 449.1 156

7.41 A 435 157

8.90 A 479.2 158

7.70 A 479 159

6.54 E 467.2 160

6.50 E 467.2 161

1.17 G 552.2 162

1.66 G 494.2 163

6.99 A 428.2 164

1.1 G 433.2 165

1.66 G 470.2 166

1.63 G 493.2 167

1.66 G 496.1 168

1.77 G 535.4

1-13. (canceled)
 14. A compound of Formula (II)

or a stereoisomer or pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, wherein:R¹ is: (a) C₂₋₃ hydroxyalkyl substituted with zero to 4 R^(1a) whereinR^(1a) is independently selected from F, Cl, —OH, —CHF₂, —CN, —CF₃,—OCH₃, and cyclopropyl; (b) C₁₋₃ alkyl substituted with —O(C₁₋₃ alkyl)and zero to 4 R^(1a) wherein R^(1a) is independently selected from F,Cl, —OH, —CHF₂, —CN, —CF₃, and cyclopropyl; (c) C₄₋₈ alkyl substitutedwith zero to 7 R^(1a) wherein R^(1a) is independently selected from F,Cl, —OH, —CHF₂, —CF₃, —CN, —OCH₃, cyclopropyl, and —OP(O)(OH)₂; (d)—(CH₂)₂₋₄NHC(O)(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)(C₁₋₆ alkyl),—(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)(CH₂)₀₋₁NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), or—(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)(CH₂)₀₋₁N(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂; (e) cyclohexyl substitutedwith zero to 2 substituents independently selected from —OH, —OCH₃, C₁₋₆alkyl, C₁₋₆ hydroxyalkyl, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —C(O)NH(C₁₋₆hydroxyalkyl), —C(O)NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —C(O)NH(C₃₋₆ fluorocycloalkyl), —NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —NHC(O)O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —NHS(O)₂CH₃,—S(O)₂NH₂, —S(O)₂(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —S(C₁₋₃ alkyl), and C₁₋₃ alkylsubstituted with —OH and cyclopropyl; or (f) —(CH₂)₂(phenyl) whereinsaid phenyl is substituted with —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl), or—S(O)₂NH₂; R² is pyridinyl substituted with zero to 2 substituentsindependently selected from F, Cl, —OH, —CN, C₁₋₃ alkyl, —CH₂C(O)OCH₃,—O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —NH₂, —NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —NH(cyclopropyl), —C(O)NH₂, and—NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl); and R³ is oxetanyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or fluorotetrahydropyranyl.
 15. The compound according to claim 14 or astereoisomer or pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, wherein: R¹is: (a) C₁₋₃ alkyl substituted with —O(C₁₋₃ alkyl) and zero to 4 R^(1a)wherein R^(1a) is independently selected from F, —OH, and —CF₃; (b) C₄₋₈alkyl substituted with zero to 5 R^(1a) wherein R^(1a) is independentlyselected from F, Cl, —OH, —CHF₂, —CF₃, —CN, —OCH₃, cyclopropyl, and—OP(O)(OH)₂; (c) —(CH₂)₂₋₄NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)(C₁₋₃alkyl), —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl), or—(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)N(C₁₋₃ alkyl)₂; (d) cyclohexyl substituted with zeroto 2 substituents independently selected from —OH, —OCH₃, C₁₋₃ alkyl,—OCH₃, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —C(O)NH(C₃₋₅cycloalkyl), —C(O)NH(fluoro cyclopropyl), —NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl),—NHC(O)O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —S(O)₂NH₂, —S(O)₂(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —S(C₁₋₂ alkyl), andC₁₋₃ alkyl substituted with —OH and cyclopropyl; or (e) —(CH₂)₂(phenyl)wherein said phenyl is substituted with —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NH(CH₃), or—S(O)₂NH₂; and R² is pyridinyl substituted with zero to 2 substituentsindependently selected from F, Cl, —OH, —CN, C₁₋₃ alkyl, —CH₂C(O)OCH₃,—O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), or —C(O)NH₂.
 16. The compound according to claim 14 or astereoisomer or pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, wherein: R¹is: —CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OH, —CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OCH₃, —CH₂CHFC(CH₂CH₃)₂OH,—CH₂CHFCH₂OCH₃, —(CH₂)₃OCH₃, —(CH₂)₃OC(CH₃)₃, —CH₂CF₂C(CH₃)₂OH,—(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)CH₃, —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)NHCH(CH₃)₂,—CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OP(O)(OH)₂,

 and R² is


17. The compound according to claim 14 or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, wherein R¹ is: (a) C₁₋₃ alkylsubstituted with —O(C₁₋₃ alkyl) and zero to 4 R^(1a) wherein R^(1a) isindependently selected from F, —OH, and —CF₃; (b) C₄₋₈ alkyl substitutedwith zero to 5 R^(1a) wherein R^(1a) is independently selected from F,Cl, —OH, —CHF₂, —CF₃, —CN, —OCH₃, cyclopropyl, and —OP(O)(OH)₂; or (c)—(CH₂)₂₋₄NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl),—(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)NH(C₁₋₃ alkyl), or —(CH₂)₂CH(CH₃)NHC(O)N(C₁₋₃alkyl)₂.
 18. The compound according to claim 14 or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, wherein R¹ is cyclohexylsubstituted with zero to 2 substituents independently selected from —OH,—OCH₃, C₁₋₃ alkyl, —OCH₃, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NH(C₁₋₃alkyl), —C(O)NH(C₃₋₅ cycloalkyl), —C(O)NH(fluoro cyclopropyl),—NHC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —NHC(O)O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —S(O)₂NH₂, —S(O)₂(C₁₋₂alkyl), —S(C₁₋₂ alkyl), and C₁₋₃ alkyl substituted with —OH andcyclopropyl.
 19. The compound according to claim 14 or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, wherein R³ is


20. The compound according to claim 14 or a stereoisomer orpharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, wherein R² is


21. A compound according to claim 14 or a pharmaceutically-acceptablesalt thereof, selected from:(R)-6-((5-cyano-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)amino)-N-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)nicotinamide(49);6-((5-cyano-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)amino)-N-((1r,4r)-4-(methylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl)-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)nicotinamide (61);N-((1r,4r)-4-acetamidocyclohexyl)-6-((3-chloro-5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)nicotinamide(77);6-((3-chloro-5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-N—((R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-((3-fluorotetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)nicotinamide(79);6-((5-cyano-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)amino)-N—((R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)amino)nicotinamide(97-98); 6-((3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)amino)-N—((R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-((3-fluorotetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)nicotinamide(108);6-((3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)amino)-N—((R)-2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)amino)nicotinamide(109-110);6-((3-chloro-5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)-N-((1r,4r)-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)amino)nicotinamide(149); and(R)-6-((5-cyano-3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)amino)-N-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-(oxetan-3-ylamino)nicotinamide(164).
 22. A pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more compoundsaccording to claim 14 or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof; anda pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
 23. A method oftreating a disease, comprising administering to a patient atherapeutically-effective amount of a compound according to claim 14 ora pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, wherein the disease is aninflammatory or autoimmune disease.
 24. The method according to claim23, wherein the disease is selected from Crohn's, ulcerative colitis,asthma, graft versus host disease, allograft rejection, chronicobstructive pulmonary disease; Graves' disease, rheumatoid arthritis,systemic lupus erythematosis, psoriasis; cryopyrin-associated periodicsyndromes, TNF receptor associated periodic syndrome, familialMediterranean fever, adult onset stills, systemic onset juvenileidiopathic arthritis, multiple sclerosis, neuropathic pain, gout, andgouty arthritis.